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<p>Innovative double-emission carbon dots (DE-CDs) were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method using fennel and m-phenylenediamine (m-PD) as precursors. These DE-CDs exhibited dual emission wavelengths at 432 and 515&#xa0;nm under different excitations, making them highly versatile for fluorescence-based applications. The fluorescence of the DE-CDs was efficiently quenched by tetracycline (TC) through the inner filter effect (IFE), allowing for the construction of a sensitive dual-response fluorescent sensor. This sensor demonstrated a strong exponential correlation with TC concentrations in the range 0.99–118&#xa0;μM, achieving a low detection limit of 53.4&#xa0;nM, which is appropriate for environmental monitoring. To further enhance its practicality, a smartphone-integrated fluorescent hydrogel film sensing platform was developed. This portable and user-friendly system enabled rapid, on-site TC detection in water samples, combining high sensitivity with convenience for real-world applications. The integration of the DE-CD-based sensor into a hydrogel platform addressed the challenge of translating laboratory precision into field-ready tools. This study revealed the potential of DE-CDs as a robust and efficient solution for bridging the gap between laboratory-based analysis and portable, on-site environmental monitoring.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Smartphone-assisted hydrogel sensing platform based on double emission carbon dots for portable on-site tetracycline detection

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月10日

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  • Tingyu Zhang,
  • Tingting Cai,
  • Tanlai Yu,
  • Yi Zhang

摘要

Innovative double-emission carbon dots (DE-CDs) were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method using fennel and m-phenylenediamine (m-PD) as precursors. These DE-CDs exhibited dual emission wavelengths at 432 and 515 nm under different excitations, making them highly versatile for fluorescence-based applications. The fluorescence of the DE-CDs was efficiently quenched by tetracycline (TC) through the inner filter effect (IFE), allowing for the construction of a sensitive dual-response fluorescent sensor. This sensor demonstrated a strong exponential correlation with TC concentrations in the range 0.99–118 μM, achieving a low detection limit of 53.4 nM, which is appropriate for environmental monitoring. To further enhance its practicality, a smartphone-integrated fluorescent hydrogel film sensing platform was developed. This portable and user-friendly system enabled rapid, on-site TC detection in water samples, combining high sensitivity with convenience for real-world applications. The integration of the DE-CD-based sensor into a hydrogel platform addressed the challenge of translating laboratory precision into field-ready tools. This study revealed the potential of DE-CDs as a robust and efficient solution for bridging the gap between laboratory-based analysis and portable, on-site environmental monitoring.

Graphical Abstract