Sensitive and selective colorimetric detection of thiophanate-methyl based on a novel Ru-Fe3O4 nanozyme with enhanced peroxidase-like activity
摘要
A novel Ru-Fe3O4 nanozyme with enhanced peroxidase-like (POD-like) activity was synthesized through a hydrothermal method. Ru-Fe3O4 nanozyme was effectively utilized for the detection of thiophanate-methyl (TM) using a colorimetric technique. The POD-like activity of Ru-Fe3O4 was found to be superior compared to Fe3O4, Rh-Fe3O4, and Pd-Fe3O4. Ru-Fe3O4 provided excellent POD-like activity with Michaelis constants of 0.00645 mM and 0.66714 mM for substrates of 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine and H2O2, respectively. The density functional theory calculation showed that Ru-Fe3O4 had better H2O2 decomposition reactivity compared to Fe3O4. Compared with Fe3O4, the adsorbed H2O2 molecules underwent decomposition more readily on the Ru-Fe3O4 catalytic surface facilitating the occurrence of the H2O2 catalytic reaction, further suggesting the excellent POD-like activity of Ru-Fe3O4. The coordination and electrostatic interactions of Ru-Fe3O4 and TM promoted their binding, contributing to TM covering Ru-Fe3O4 catalytic site and inhibiting the POD-like activity of Ru-Fe3O4. As a result, the sensitive and selective detection of TM using Ru-Fe3O4 by a colorimetric method was achieved. The Ru-Fe3O4 nanozyme displayed a good linear correlation, with a linear detection range and a detection limit of 0.1–100 and 0.03 μg/mL, respectively. The Ru-Fe3O4 nanozyme was used for the determination of TM in soil and water samples with success.
Graphical Abstract