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<p>It is difficult to form an effective fracture network in deep shale fracturing. Explosive-hydraulic composite fracturing combines explosive fractures with hydraulic secondary fracturing. In this paper, a large-scale true triaxial hydraulic fracturing physical simulation experiment using artificial specimens simulating deep shale was carried out. The size of the rock sample is 40&#xa0;cm × 40&#xa0;cm × 40&#xa0;cm. During the experiments, the pump pressure curve and acoustic emission signal were synchronously monitored to investigate the influence of bedding-plane dip angle, number of initial explosive fractures, and in situ stress difference on the fracture propagation behavior in explosion–hydraulic composite fracturing. The experimental results demonstrate that the integrated acoustic emission and pump pressure monitoring data can effectively capture the initiation and propagation processes of explosion–hydraulic fractures. A bedding-plane dip angle of 30° facilitates enhanced connectivity between the explosive and hydraulic fractures. An increase in the number of initial explosive fractures positively contributes to the activation of bedding planes; however, the associated stress interference among competing fractures is concomitantly amplified. As the number of initial explosive fractures increases from three to five, the total fracture length is reduced by 27.15%. Under low in situ stress differential conditions, the propagation of explosion–hydraulic fractures is more uniform, yielding superior overall stimulation effectiveness. Compared with the low stress difference condition (10&#xa0;MPa), the elevated stress difference condition (20&#xa0;MPa) results in a 43.67% reduction in the total area of explosion–hydraulic fractures. In summary, this study presents an innovative experimental investigation of explosion–hydraulic composite fracturing, offering novel insights and practical guidance for the efficient development of deep shale resources.</p>

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Experimental Study on Large-Scale True Triaxial Hydraulic Fracturing Based on Deep Shale Explosive Fractures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月28日

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  • Zhaohui Dai,
  • Qin Li,
  • Xiangyi Yi,
  • Haiyan Zhu,
  • Daobing Wang,
  • Wenling Chen,
  • Yueli Li

摘要

It is difficult to form an effective fracture network in deep shale fracturing. Explosive-hydraulic composite fracturing combines explosive fractures with hydraulic secondary fracturing. In this paper, a large-scale true triaxial hydraulic fracturing physical simulation experiment using artificial specimens simulating deep shale was carried out. The size of the rock sample is 40 cm × 40 cm × 40 cm. During the experiments, the pump pressure curve and acoustic emission signal were synchronously monitored to investigate the influence of bedding-plane dip angle, number of initial explosive fractures, and in situ stress difference on the fracture propagation behavior in explosion–hydraulic composite fracturing. The experimental results demonstrate that the integrated acoustic emission and pump pressure monitoring data can effectively capture the initiation and propagation processes of explosion–hydraulic fractures. A bedding-plane dip angle of 30° facilitates enhanced connectivity between the explosive and hydraulic fractures. An increase in the number of initial explosive fractures positively contributes to the activation of bedding planes; however, the associated stress interference among competing fractures is concomitantly amplified. As the number of initial explosive fractures increases from three to five, the total fracture length is reduced by 27.15%. Under low in situ stress differential conditions, the propagation of explosion–hydraulic fractures is more uniform, yielding superior overall stimulation effectiveness. Compared with the low stress difference condition (10 MPa), the elevated stress difference condition (20 MPa) results in a 43.67% reduction in the total area of explosion–hydraulic fractures. In summary, this study presents an innovative experimental investigation of explosion–hydraulic composite fracturing, offering novel insights and practical guidance for the efficient development of deep shale resources.