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<p>Based on the upper bound theorem of limit analysis and the nonlinear Hoek–Brown strength criterion, this study investigates the uplift failure mechanism of lined rock caverns (LRC) by considering the influence of size effect and long-term fatigue damage. Two distinct types of LRC are examined: tunnel-type and silo-type LRCs. For each case, a novel three-dimensional (3D) uplift failure mechanism model is developed, deriving analytical expressions for the uplift failure curve, the 3D uplift failure surface, and the limit pressure. The proposed method shows superior capability in characterizing 3D nonlinear failure surfaces and spatial failure zones compared to conventional two-dimensional linear approaches. The validity of the method is validated through comparison with numerical simulation results. Notably, the analytical method is more accurate in 3D failure prediction and computational efficiency than numerical counterparts. Sensitivity analyses identify key governing parameters, including strength parameters, burial depth, and fatigue damage. Results reveal that the uplift failure range expands with increasing strength parameter <i>A</i>, initial uniaxial compressive strength <i>σ</i><sub>c0</sub>, burial depth <i>H</i>, and damage constant <i>α</i>, while it contracts with increasing strength parameter <i>B</i> and number of cycles <i>N</i>. For limit pressure, it increases with initial uniaxial compressive strength <i>σ</i><sub>c0</sub>, burial depth <i>H</i>, and damage constant <i>α</i>, but decreases with strength parameters <i>A</i>, <i>B</i>, and number of cycles <i>N</i>. The safety factor variation depends on the relative relationship between limit pressure and design pressure: when limit pressure is below design pressure, increasing limit pressure decreases the safety factor; conversely, when limit pressure exceeds design pressure, decreasing limit pressure increases the safety factor. Therefore, fatigue damage has a significant impact on the 3D uplift failure mechanism of LRC, which must be given serious consideration. This research establishes a scientific foundation for the engineering design of LRCs, providing important guidance for practical engineering applications.</p>

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Upper Bound Analysis of 3D Uplift Failure Mechanisms for CAES Rock Caverns Considering Fatigue Damage

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月29日

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  • Cheng Lyu,
  • Zhuhong Wang,
  • Wuqiang Cai,
  • Zhengqiang Zeng

摘要

Based on the upper bound theorem of limit analysis and the nonlinear Hoek–Brown strength criterion, this study investigates the uplift failure mechanism of lined rock caverns (LRC) by considering the influence of size effect and long-term fatigue damage. Two distinct types of LRC are examined: tunnel-type and silo-type LRCs. For each case, a novel three-dimensional (3D) uplift failure mechanism model is developed, deriving analytical expressions for the uplift failure curve, the 3D uplift failure surface, and the limit pressure. The proposed method shows superior capability in characterizing 3D nonlinear failure surfaces and spatial failure zones compared to conventional two-dimensional linear approaches. The validity of the method is validated through comparison with numerical simulation results. Notably, the analytical method is more accurate in 3D failure prediction and computational efficiency than numerical counterparts. Sensitivity analyses identify key governing parameters, including strength parameters, burial depth, and fatigue damage. Results reveal that the uplift failure range expands with increasing strength parameter A, initial uniaxial compressive strength σc0, burial depth H, and damage constant α, while it contracts with increasing strength parameter B and number of cycles N. For limit pressure, it increases with initial uniaxial compressive strength σc0, burial depth H, and damage constant α, but decreases with strength parameters A, B, and number of cycles N. The safety factor variation depends on the relative relationship between limit pressure and design pressure: when limit pressure is below design pressure, increasing limit pressure decreases the safety factor; conversely, when limit pressure exceeds design pressure, decreasing limit pressure increases the safety factor. Therefore, fatigue damage has a significant impact on the 3D uplift failure mechanism of LRC, which must be given serious consideration. This research establishes a scientific foundation for the engineering design of LRCs, providing important guidance for practical engineering applications.