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<p>Accurate and real-time fault detection is essential to ensure the safety of tunnel construction. To overcome the challenges of limited longitudinal observation geometry and convergence issues in velocity field inversion for fault detection in narrow tunnels, this study proposes a novel blasting-based explicit fault interface inversion method (PDB-EFII). The approach employs a partitioned delay blasting scheme at the tunnel face, transforming excavation blasts into geophysical sources, with origin times determined using the Shortest Path Method to achieve signal reconstruction. Then a L2 norm misfit function is formulated by comparing the observed arrival times of reflected waves with theoretical travel times derived from an explicit fault interface equation. Numerical simulations were first performed to verify the robustness of the proposed method under different initial parameters and a case study of fault detection was conducted using the method proposed in this study, based on 5 days of continuous microseismic monitoring data from the Ruihai Gold Mine. The inversion results were validated using High-Power Time-Domain Electromagnetic data and drilling results, with the inferred fault position deviating by &lt;&#xa0;5 m from the actual position. This study confirms that PDB-EFII offers a cost-effective and real-time alternative for geologic prediction, effectively overcoming the geometric limitations of traditional tunnel prospecting techniques while demonstrating high accuracy and reliability.</p>

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A Novel Blasting-Based Explicit Fault Interface Inversion Method: Application to the Ruihai Gold Mine

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月29日

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  • Houlin Xie,
  • Bingrui Chen,
  • Lu Liu,
  • Ke Li,
  • Yaxun Xiao,
  • Xinhao Zhu,
  • Qian Liu,
  • Liu Liu

摘要

Accurate and real-time fault detection is essential to ensure the safety of tunnel construction. To overcome the challenges of limited longitudinal observation geometry and convergence issues in velocity field inversion for fault detection in narrow tunnels, this study proposes a novel blasting-based explicit fault interface inversion method (PDB-EFII). The approach employs a partitioned delay blasting scheme at the tunnel face, transforming excavation blasts into geophysical sources, with origin times determined using the Shortest Path Method to achieve signal reconstruction. Then a L2 norm misfit function is formulated by comparing the observed arrival times of reflected waves with theoretical travel times derived from an explicit fault interface equation. Numerical simulations were first performed to verify the robustness of the proposed method under different initial parameters and a case study of fault detection was conducted using the method proposed in this study, based on 5 days of continuous microseismic monitoring data from the Ruihai Gold Mine. The inversion results were validated using High-Power Time-Domain Electromagnetic data and drilling results, with the inferred fault position deviating by < 5 m from the actual position. This study confirms that PDB-EFII offers a cost-effective and real-time alternative for geologic prediction, effectively overcoming the geometric limitations of traditional tunnel prospecting techniques while demonstrating high accuracy and reliability.