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<p>The prediction and prevention of rockbursts in coal mines are critical for ensuring both production safety and operational efficiency. To better understand the underlying mechanisms in deep mining conditions, dynamic compression tests were conducted on coal specimens using a triaxial split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system, with varying confining pressures and loading rates. The mechanical response, deformation behavior, and energy evolution were systematically analyzed, and multiple rockburst proneness indices were evaluated. Results show that both dynamic strength and elastic strain energy increase almost linearly with loading rate, accompanied by enhanced brittleness and abrupt post-peak failure. Increasing lateral confining pressure further elevates the strength and total absorbed energy, reflecting its dual effect of constraining crack propagation and enhancing energy storage capacity. A distinct synergistic effect between loading rate and confinement was identified, wherein rapid energy input under strong confinement drives the specimen into a metastable state, leading to sudden, explosive failure once instability occurs. Energy-based parameters, including elastic and dissipated energy densities as well as brittleness indices, indicate that traditional quasi-static criteria tend to underestimate rockburst risk when dynamic effects are neglected. Accordingly, a modified conceptual framework for rockburst hazard assessment is proposed, emphasizing the necessity of incorporating both triaxial confinement and rate dependence. These findings provide new insight into the dynamic failure mechanisms of coal and offer a theoretical basis for developing more reliable rockburst evaluation methods in deep mining environments.</p>

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Dynamic Response of Coal Under Different Lateral Pressure Coefficients: Insights into Rockburst Mechanisms in Coal Mines

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • Gaoang Wang,
  • Yan Fu,
  • Wenxiang Xu,
  • Zheng Wang,
  • Peng Dong

摘要

The prediction and prevention of rockbursts in coal mines are critical for ensuring both production safety and operational efficiency. To better understand the underlying mechanisms in deep mining conditions, dynamic compression tests were conducted on coal specimens using a triaxial split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system, with varying confining pressures and loading rates. The mechanical response, deformation behavior, and energy evolution were systematically analyzed, and multiple rockburst proneness indices were evaluated. Results show that both dynamic strength and elastic strain energy increase almost linearly with loading rate, accompanied by enhanced brittleness and abrupt post-peak failure. Increasing lateral confining pressure further elevates the strength and total absorbed energy, reflecting its dual effect of constraining crack propagation and enhancing energy storage capacity. A distinct synergistic effect between loading rate and confinement was identified, wherein rapid energy input under strong confinement drives the specimen into a metastable state, leading to sudden, explosive failure once instability occurs. Energy-based parameters, including elastic and dissipated energy densities as well as brittleness indices, indicate that traditional quasi-static criteria tend to underestimate rockburst risk when dynamic effects are neglected. Accordingly, a modified conceptual framework for rockburst hazard assessment is proposed, emphasizing the necessity of incorporating both triaxial confinement and rate dependence. These findings provide new insight into the dynamic failure mechanisms of coal and offer a theoretical basis for developing more reliable rockburst evaluation methods in deep mining environments.