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<p>During water intrusion into rock mass, water distribution is non-uniform and time-dependent. The uniformity of water distribution and its temporal evolution significantly impact the mechanical behavior of mudstone, but this impact is almost ignored during sample preparation in laboratory tests and related research remains limited. This study focuses on the effects of water-distribution uniformity and water content on the mechanical properties of illite-rich mudstone. Uniaxial compression tests were conducted on specimens prepared under varying saturation states, accompanied by AE monitoring. A mechanical model was established to study the impact mechanism of water uniformity on mechanical behavior, and an analytical expression was derived to study its influence on the fractured-zone formation of mudstone roadways. The results indicate that water-distribution uniformity has no effect on the functional relationships between water content and either mechanical parameters or AE energy. However, specimens with uniform water distribution exhibit a more pronounced degradation trend in all parameters as water content increases, compared to those with non-uniform water distribution. In studied case, the water-induced weakening of mechanical parameters in mudstone can lead to a maximum increase of 29.69% in the radius of the fractured zone in near-field rock of roadway. The uniformity of water distribution can cause deviations in the assessment of the fractured-zone radius in mudstone roadway, with a maximum deviation of 9.3% (Burial depth = 200&#xa0;m). This deviation decreases with increasing burial depth, attenuating to 3.2% at a depth of 1000&#xa0;m. This study provides new insights into the impact of water uniformity on mechanical response of mudstone, and offers valuable reference for near-field rock stability analysis of mudstone roadways.</p>

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Effect of Saturation State on Mudstone Mechanical Properties and the Fracture Zone Formation Around Mudstone Roadways

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月11日

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  • Jinghua Li,
  • Guichen Li,
  • Yuantian Sun,
  • Fengzhen He,
  • Haoran Hao,
  • Sen Yang,
  • Wei Li,
  • Zhongwei Chen

摘要

During water intrusion into rock mass, water distribution is non-uniform and time-dependent. The uniformity of water distribution and its temporal evolution significantly impact the mechanical behavior of mudstone, but this impact is almost ignored during sample preparation in laboratory tests and related research remains limited. This study focuses on the effects of water-distribution uniformity and water content on the mechanical properties of illite-rich mudstone. Uniaxial compression tests were conducted on specimens prepared under varying saturation states, accompanied by AE monitoring. A mechanical model was established to study the impact mechanism of water uniformity on mechanical behavior, and an analytical expression was derived to study its influence on the fractured-zone formation of mudstone roadways. The results indicate that water-distribution uniformity has no effect on the functional relationships between water content and either mechanical parameters or AE energy. However, specimens with uniform water distribution exhibit a more pronounced degradation trend in all parameters as water content increases, compared to those with non-uniform water distribution. In studied case, the water-induced weakening of mechanical parameters in mudstone can lead to a maximum increase of 29.69% in the radius of the fractured zone in near-field rock of roadway. The uniformity of water distribution can cause deviations in the assessment of the fractured-zone radius in mudstone roadway, with a maximum deviation of 9.3% (Burial depth = 200 m). This deviation decreases with increasing burial depth, attenuating to 3.2% at a depth of 1000 m. This study provides new insights into the impact of water uniformity on mechanical response of mudstone, and offers valuable reference for near-field rock stability analysis of mudstone roadways.