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<p>With the advancement of "three-deep" (deep resource, deep space, and deep-sea) engineering, the efficient fragmentation of hard rock has emerged as a pressing challenge in both scientific and engineering communities. The introduction of microwave-assisted rock-breaking technology offers a novel approach to overcoming the technical bottlenecks associated with hard rock fragmentation. In this study, a multi-scale investigation was conducted on the degradation characteristics of granite subjected to microwave radiation, combining true triaxial compression tests with nanoindentation experiments. The damage and fracture mechanisms induced by microwave radiation were elucidated by analyzing the heterogeneous responses of rock-forming minerals and the energy dissipation behavior during microwave propagation through the rock. The results indicate that, under the same energy input, microwave power plays a dominant role in mechanical degradation, leading to a strength reduction up to 10.88% higher than that induced by prolonged low-power irradiation. More importantly, true triaxial tests reveal that the post-irradiation strength still follows a nonlinear relationship with the intermediate principal stress, indicating a pronounced confining-stress compensation effect on microwave-induced damage. By integrating mineral-scale nanoindentation, microcrack quantification and macroscopic true triaxial responses, a cross-scale degradation and fracture mechanism of granite in a microwave field is established.</p><p><b>Highlights</b><UnorderedList Mark="Bullet"> <ItemContent> <p>Reveal microwave-induced mechanical weakening and damage evolution in granite by a multi-scale testing strategy</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Analyze the strength and stiffness degradation behavior of granite under high-power, short-duration microwave exposure</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Explore the mechanism of the mineral-specific microwave responses driving thermal cracking and dominating damage initiation</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Discuss the microwave radiation transformation dispersed microcracks into interconnected networks and the failure mechanism</p> </ItemContent> </UnorderedList></p>

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Experimental Investigation of Macro- and Microscopic Degradation and Damage Mechanisms in Granite Subjected to Microwave Radiation under True Triaxial Compression

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月29日

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  • Sheng-Qi Yang,
  • Bo-Wen Sun,
  • Heng Li

摘要

With the advancement of "three-deep" (deep resource, deep space, and deep-sea) engineering, the efficient fragmentation of hard rock has emerged as a pressing challenge in both scientific and engineering communities. The introduction of microwave-assisted rock-breaking technology offers a novel approach to overcoming the technical bottlenecks associated with hard rock fragmentation. In this study, a multi-scale investigation was conducted on the degradation characteristics of granite subjected to microwave radiation, combining true triaxial compression tests with nanoindentation experiments. The damage and fracture mechanisms induced by microwave radiation were elucidated by analyzing the heterogeneous responses of rock-forming minerals and the energy dissipation behavior during microwave propagation through the rock. The results indicate that, under the same energy input, microwave power plays a dominant role in mechanical degradation, leading to a strength reduction up to 10.88% higher than that induced by prolonged low-power irradiation. More importantly, true triaxial tests reveal that the post-irradiation strength still follows a nonlinear relationship with the intermediate principal stress, indicating a pronounced confining-stress compensation effect on microwave-induced damage. By integrating mineral-scale nanoindentation, microcrack quantification and macroscopic true triaxial responses, a cross-scale degradation and fracture mechanism of granite in a microwave field is established.

Highlights

Reveal microwave-induced mechanical weakening and damage evolution in granite by a multi-scale testing strategy

Analyze the strength and stiffness degradation behavior of granite under high-power, short-duration microwave exposure

Explore the mechanism of the mineral-specific microwave responses driving thermal cracking and dominating damage initiation

Discuss the microwave radiation transformation dispersed microcracks into interconnected networks and the failure mechanism