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<p>Cut blasting plays a pivotal role in governing the excavation advance rate in rock drifts. In deep mining, prevalent non-hydrostatic confining stress poses substantial constraints on blast-induced rock fracturing, hindering the formation of cut cavities and elevating the risk of suboptimal blasting outcomes. This study investigates the fracture behavior of rock during cut blasting with a large empty hole under non-hydrostatic confining stress to improve blast performance in deep drift excavation. A series of finite-element models is developed to systematically analyze rock fracture responses under varying confining stresses. The results reveal that non-hydrostatic confining stress induces notable anisotropy in fracture distribution during cut blasting with a large empty hole. Elevated non-hydrostatic confining stress substantially diminishes fracturing efficacy, resulting in markedly reduced cavity volumes. Parametric studies further evaluate the influence of blast design variables, including the spacing between cut hole and empty hole, empty hole diameter, and detonation delay time, on fracture performance under non-hydrostatic confining stress. On this basis, an optimization strategy for blast parameters of cut blasting with a large empty hole is proposed. Finally, an empirical formula for predicting cavity volume is derived by incorporating the effects of confining stress and empty hole parameters. This model provides a practical reference for designing and optimizing parameters&#xa0;of&#xa0;cut blasting with a large empty hole in deep rock drifts.</p>

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Investigation of Rock Fracturing During Cut Blasting with a Large Empty Hole Under Non-hydrostatic Confining Stress: Insights for Optimizing Blast Parameters

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月28日

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  • Peiyu Wang,
  • Zilong Zhou,
  • Yuming Liu,
  • Xin Cai,
  • Cuigang Chen

摘要

Cut blasting plays a pivotal role in governing the excavation advance rate in rock drifts. In deep mining, prevalent non-hydrostatic confining stress poses substantial constraints on blast-induced rock fracturing, hindering the formation of cut cavities and elevating the risk of suboptimal blasting outcomes. This study investigates the fracture behavior of rock during cut blasting with a large empty hole under non-hydrostatic confining stress to improve blast performance in deep drift excavation. A series of finite-element models is developed to systematically analyze rock fracture responses under varying confining stresses. The results reveal that non-hydrostatic confining stress induces notable anisotropy in fracture distribution during cut blasting with a large empty hole. Elevated non-hydrostatic confining stress substantially diminishes fracturing efficacy, resulting in markedly reduced cavity volumes. Parametric studies further evaluate the influence of blast design variables, including the spacing between cut hole and empty hole, empty hole diameter, and detonation delay time, on fracture performance under non-hydrostatic confining stress. On this basis, an optimization strategy for blast parameters of cut blasting with a large empty hole is proposed. Finally, an empirical formula for predicting cavity volume is derived by incorporating the effects of confining stress and empty hole parameters. This model provides a practical reference for designing and optimizing parameters of cut blasting with a large empty hole in deep rock drifts.