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<p>Radial jet drilling (RJD) combined with hydraulic fracturing can significantly enhance shale oil reservoir production. Swirling abrasive water jet (SAWJ) has strong breaking capabilities and excellent diffusion, enabling effective radial hole drilling. However, the influence of process parameters on shale breakage by SAWJ remains unclear. To address this, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the hole formation characteristics and the effects of key parameters by SAWJ. The 3D laser profilometer and SEM were used to analyze the effects of bedding dip angle, pressure, abrasive mass concentration, and standoff distance on the hole formation process. The results show that a circular hole forms on the shale surface with a conical protrusion at the center by SAWJ. This protrusion gradually disappears as the jetting time increases, and the hole diameter meets the requirements for nozzle and pipeline feeding. Microcracks on the erosion hole walls indicate that tensile stress and bedding planes competitively guide their propagation. The bedding dip angle has no significant effect on hole shape but may induce a bedding-guided breaking effect under SAWJ, increasing erosion hole depth. As pressure increases, the hole diameter, depth, and volume all increase; increasing standoff distance results in a larger hole diameter but reduced depth and volume; increasing abrasive mass concentration doesn’t significantly affect the hole diameter, but the depth and volume increase. Pearson correlation analysis indicates that standoff distance is the most important parameter influencing changes in hole parameters. These findings provide theoretical guidance for applying SAWJ in RJD of shale oil reservoirs.</p>

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Experimental Investigation into the Effect of Process Parameters on Borehole Formation in Bedded Shale by Swirling Abrasive Water Jet

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月8日

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  • Kang Cheng,
  • Zhongwei Huang,
  • Jingru Hu,
  • Jingbin Li,
  • Bing Xi,
  • Tianshu Wang,
  • Huan Li,
  • Gensheng Li

摘要

Radial jet drilling (RJD) combined with hydraulic fracturing can significantly enhance shale oil reservoir production. Swirling abrasive water jet (SAWJ) has strong breaking capabilities and excellent diffusion, enabling effective radial hole drilling. However, the influence of process parameters on shale breakage by SAWJ remains unclear. To address this, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the hole formation characteristics and the effects of key parameters by SAWJ. The 3D laser profilometer and SEM were used to analyze the effects of bedding dip angle, pressure, abrasive mass concentration, and standoff distance on the hole formation process. The results show that a circular hole forms on the shale surface with a conical protrusion at the center by SAWJ. This protrusion gradually disappears as the jetting time increases, and the hole diameter meets the requirements for nozzle and pipeline feeding. Microcracks on the erosion hole walls indicate that tensile stress and bedding planes competitively guide their propagation. The bedding dip angle has no significant effect on hole shape but may induce a bedding-guided breaking effect under SAWJ, increasing erosion hole depth. As pressure increases, the hole diameter, depth, and volume all increase; increasing standoff distance results in a larger hole diameter but reduced depth and volume; increasing abrasive mass concentration doesn’t significantly affect the hole diameter, but the depth and volume increase. Pearson correlation analysis indicates that standoff distance is the most important parameter influencing changes in hole parameters. These findings provide theoretical guidance for applying SAWJ in RJD of shale oil reservoirs.