<p>Blasting excavation is a key technology in the extraction of deep underground resources. Different in-situ stress conditions can lead to different failure modes, resulting in over-excavation or under-excavation in actual engineering projects. The blasting process releases high energy instantaneously, causing dynamic failure of the deep rock mass structure. To investigate stress evolution, energy transfer, and crack propagation in rock masses under cyclic blasting loads, numerical simulations were conducted under different in-situ stress conditions and varying lateral pressure coefficients <i>K</i>, while considering the coupled effects of blasting loads and instantaneous unloading. The results indicate that as in-situ stress increases, the stress peaks and disturbance duration caused by blasting disturbances decrease; meanwhile, the transient unloading duration conditions shortens. Regarding energy, changes in in-situ stress and lateral pressure coefficient significantly alter energy evolution. Under low stress conditions, deep rock masses experience minimal compression and can absorb a large amount of energy generated by blasting loads; under high stress conditions, rock masses subjected to high pressure are nearly at their energy storage limit, resulting in significantly reduced energy absorption after blasting. Under the influence of the lateral pressure coefficient, energy first concentrates on the side with higher in-situ stress. Crack formation strongly depends on the level of in-situ stress. During the terminal blasting stage, as in-situ stress increases, the number of cracks initially decreases and then increases. When the lateral pressure coefficient <i>K</i> ≠ 1, under low in-situ stress conditions, cracks propagate toward the high-stress side, while high in-situ stress promotes crack propagation toward the low-stress side.</p>