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<p>Accurate identification of lithological variations and inversion of geological structures based on drilling parameters are essential for enhancing intelligent sensing capabilities in complex strata. In this study, a digital drilling test platform was independently developed to replicate field conditions. The system integrates multiple control modes and enables high-precision, real-time acquisition of key drilling parameters, including weight on bit (WOB), rate of penetration (ROP), cutting torque, rotational speed, and drilling depth. Using this platform, a comprehensive experimental program was conducted, encompassing comparative analysis of drilling control modes, evaluation of lithology-responsive indicators, characterization of transient responses at lithological interfaces, and field validation in a coal mine. The results demonstrate that the constant WOB control mode offers superior stability, clearer response characteristics, and better alignment with actual drilling conditions compared to the constant ROP mode, making it more suitable as a baseline for laboratory investigations. Under the constant WOB condition, ROP exhibits higher sensitivity and consistent response trends than the more variable cutting torque, establishing it as a more robust indicator for lithology identification. Transitions across lithological interfaces are characterized by a distinctive transient pattern—namely, a “V-shaped” torque fluctuation coupled with a sharp ROP shift—where torque changes consistently precede ROP responses by 1.3 to 1.9&#xa0;s on average. Moreover, the amplitude of these responses reveals a pronounced direction-dependent asymmetry: when transitioning from hard to soft rock, torque decreases to 0.47 times its initial value, while ROP increases by a factor of 5.75; in contrast, the reverse transition causes torque to increase by a factor of 1.83 and ROP to decrease to 0.24 times its original value. Field experiments confirm the stability and applicability of these features under complex geological conditions, providing both theoretical support and practical guidance for intelligent drilling operations and forward-looking geological sensing in stratified formations.</p>

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Mechanism and Field Validation of Lithological Interface Identification via Transient Drilling Responses on a Digital Drilling Platform

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月18日

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  • Chunhui Cheng,
  • Qianting Hu,
  • Baocai Wang,
  • Yongjiang Luo,
  • Zhiqiang Zhao

摘要

Accurate identification of lithological variations and inversion of geological structures based on drilling parameters are essential for enhancing intelligent sensing capabilities in complex strata. In this study, a digital drilling test platform was independently developed to replicate field conditions. The system integrates multiple control modes and enables high-precision, real-time acquisition of key drilling parameters, including weight on bit (WOB), rate of penetration (ROP), cutting torque, rotational speed, and drilling depth. Using this platform, a comprehensive experimental program was conducted, encompassing comparative analysis of drilling control modes, evaluation of lithology-responsive indicators, characterization of transient responses at lithological interfaces, and field validation in a coal mine. The results demonstrate that the constant WOB control mode offers superior stability, clearer response characteristics, and better alignment with actual drilling conditions compared to the constant ROP mode, making it more suitable as a baseline for laboratory investigations. Under the constant WOB condition, ROP exhibits higher sensitivity and consistent response trends than the more variable cutting torque, establishing it as a more robust indicator for lithology identification. Transitions across lithological interfaces are characterized by a distinctive transient pattern—namely, a “V-shaped” torque fluctuation coupled with a sharp ROP shift—where torque changes consistently precede ROP responses by 1.3 to 1.9 s on average. Moreover, the amplitude of these responses reveals a pronounced direction-dependent asymmetry: when transitioning from hard to soft rock, torque decreases to 0.47 times its initial value, while ROP increases by a factor of 5.75; in contrast, the reverse transition causes torque to increase by a factor of 1.83 and ROP to decrease to 0.24 times its original value. Field experiments confirm the stability and applicability of these features under complex geological conditions, providing both theoretical support and practical guidance for intelligent drilling operations and forward-looking geological sensing in stratified formations.