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<p>As shallow resources deplete, exploration and exploitation are advancing towards greater depths within the Earth. The strength of underground rock masses increases nonlinearly with depth, leading to a significant rise in the difficulty of rock breaking. The combination of laser drilling and rock breaking, as a novel unconventional method, has garnered considerable attention owing to its high efficiency, cleanliness, and precise targeting. Firstly, the sample undergoes laser irradiation for 30s, with laser powers set at 250 W, 500 W, 750 W, 1000 W, and 1250 W, respectively. Studies have shown that as laser power increases, the time for initial crack formation in rocks decreases, from 7.92&#xa0;s to 2.47&#xa0;s, and the duration of crack propagation reduces from 17.32&#xa0;s to 4.75&#xa0;s. At laser powers below 250 W, the drill bit is propelled by drilling pressure to gradually penetrate and fracture the rock, resulting in rock debris masses of 1.02 g and 5.26 g, respectively. Rock debris with particle sizes less than 3&#xa0;mm comprises 86.27% and 84.41% of the total rock debris, respectively. At laser powers exceeding 250 W, the rock failure mode shifts to shear-tension composite failure, with stripped rock debris reaching a maximum weight of 103.48 g. Additionally, increasing the laser power can enhance the maximum drilling depth of the tool by approximately 11 times. The drilling speed improves from 0.01 mm/s without laser irradiation to 4.95 mm/s with 1250 W laser power. At a laser power setting of 1000 W, the specific energy for rock breaking amounts to 2.96 g/J, representing the optimal laser power for rock breaking. In conclusion, compared with conventional mechanical drilling methods, the laser–drill combined rock-breaking technology enables efficient weakening and rapid cutting of high-strength hard rocks without increasing the load on the drill bit. This approach demonstrates excellent engineering adaptability and promising application prospects. It holds significant potential for future applications in intelligent drilling, efficient rock fragmentation, and energy consumption control.</p>

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Mechanisms of Drillability Enhancement and Damage Evolution in Granite Under Coupled Laser-Drill Interaction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月28日

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  • Lei Yang,
  • Mingzhong Gao,
  • Bengao Yang,
  • Jing Xie,
  • Zhiqiang He,
  • Junjun Liu,
  • Fei Li,
  • Xuemin Zhou,
  • Kunchen He

摘要

As shallow resources deplete, exploration and exploitation are advancing towards greater depths within the Earth. The strength of underground rock masses increases nonlinearly with depth, leading to a significant rise in the difficulty of rock breaking. The combination of laser drilling and rock breaking, as a novel unconventional method, has garnered considerable attention owing to its high efficiency, cleanliness, and precise targeting. Firstly, the sample undergoes laser irradiation for 30s, with laser powers set at 250 W, 500 W, 750 W, 1000 W, and 1250 W, respectively. Studies have shown that as laser power increases, the time for initial crack formation in rocks decreases, from 7.92 s to 2.47 s, and the duration of crack propagation reduces from 17.32 s to 4.75 s. At laser powers below 250 W, the drill bit is propelled by drilling pressure to gradually penetrate and fracture the rock, resulting in rock debris masses of 1.02 g and 5.26 g, respectively. Rock debris with particle sizes less than 3 mm comprises 86.27% and 84.41% of the total rock debris, respectively. At laser powers exceeding 250 W, the rock failure mode shifts to shear-tension composite failure, with stripped rock debris reaching a maximum weight of 103.48 g. Additionally, increasing the laser power can enhance the maximum drilling depth of the tool by approximately 11 times. The drilling speed improves from 0.01 mm/s without laser irradiation to 4.95 mm/s with 1250 W laser power. At a laser power setting of 1000 W, the specific energy for rock breaking amounts to 2.96 g/J, representing the optimal laser power for rock breaking. In conclusion, compared with conventional mechanical drilling methods, the laser–drill combined rock-breaking technology enables efficient weakening and rapid cutting of high-strength hard rocks without increasing the load on the drill bit. This approach demonstrates excellent engineering adaptability and promising application prospects. It holds significant potential for future applications in intelligent drilling, efficient rock fragmentation, and energy consumption control.