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<p>Improving hydrocarbon production with hydraulic fracturing from unconventional reservoirs requires investigating transport phenomena at the single fracture level. In this study, we employed open-source tools for simulating geo-mechanical deformation, fluid flow, and reactive transport to understand the effect of hydraulic fracturing treatment on permeability evolution in shale rough-walled fractures. We proposed a novel workflow using open-source tools to simulate hydraulic fracturing treatment flow within rough-walled microfractures of shales. The innovation lies in this integrated multiscale modeling approach, enabling a dynamic and physically representative evaluation of fracture behavior and transport properties. Using concepts of fractional Brownian motion and surface roughness characterizations with laser profilometer, we first generated three rough-walled microfractures consistent with three laboratory experiments (i.e., E4, E5 and E6). After microfractures generation, they were subjected to a confining pressure in accord with experimental conditions, and geo-mechanical deformation was simulated. We used the SimpleFOAM solver from the OpenFOAM software package to simulate the fluid flow and permeability. By comparing the simulated permeability values with the experimentally measured ones, we found relative errors equal to 28, 15, and 200%, respectively,&#xa0;for the experiments E4, E5 and E6. After calibration, however, the relative error dropped below 4%. We next simulated the reactive transport using the GeoChemFOAM solver built around OpenFOAM and investigated permeability evolution in the deformed microfractures. We found that after 10h of reactive transport simulations, permeability increased by 47%, on average, in all cases studied here. Using a linear trend, we extrapolated the permeability evolution and estimated the value of permeability corresponding to 40&#xa0;hours, used in the experiments. Errors ranged from −&#xa0;9% for E5 to 26% for E4 indicated reasonable permeability estimations.</p>

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Geomechanical Deformation and Reactive Transport in Shale Rough-Walled Microfractures: Insights into Permeability Evolution from Simulations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月22日

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  • Morteza Heydari,
  • Feng Liang,
  • Hui-Hai Liu,
  • Behzad Ghanbarian

摘要

Improving hydrocarbon production with hydraulic fracturing from unconventional reservoirs requires investigating transport phenomena at the single fracture level. In this study, we employed open-source tools for simulating geo-mechanical deformation, fluid flow, and reactive transport to understand the effect of hydraulic fracturing treatment on permeability evolution in shale rough-walled fractures. We proposed a novel workflow using open-source tools to simulate hydraulic fracturing treatment flow within rough-walled microfractures of shales. The innovation lies in this integrated multiscale modeling approach, enabling a dynamic and physically representative evaluation of fracture behavior and transport properties. Using concepts of fractional Brownian motion and surface roughness characterizations with laser profilometer, we first generated three rough-walled microfractures consistent with three laboratory experiments (i.e., E4, E5 and E6). After microfractures generation, they were subjected to a confining pressure in accord with experimental conditions, and geo-mechanical deformation was simulated. We used the SimpleFOAM solver from the OpenFOAM software package to simulate the fluid flow and permeability. By comparing the simulated permeability values with the experimentally measured ones, we found relative errors equal to 28, 15, and 200%, respectively, for the experiments E4, E5 and E6. After calibration, however, the relative error dropped below 4%. We next simulated the reactive transport using the GeoChemFOAM solver built around OpenFOAM and investigated permeability evolution in the deformed microfractures. We found that after 10h of reactive transport simulations, permeability increased by 47%, on average, in all cases studied here. Using a linear trend, we extrapolated the permeability evolution and estimated the value of permeability corresponding to 40 hours, used in the experiments. Errors ranged from − 9% for E5 to 26% for E4 indicated reasonable permeability estimations.