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<p>Integrating microwave fracturing technology with mechanical rock breakage has the potential to significantly enhance the rock breakage efficiency of hard rock while reducing energy consumption and wear on cutters. However, the mechanical properties and fracturing characteristics of rock after microwave irradiation are not well understood, particularly with respect to the quantitative description of deeply buried hard rock. In this work, we selected granite from a deeply buried tunnel and investigated the effects of microwave energy output modes on its mechanical properties and fracturing characteristics. The results show that the melt fracturing is the primary fracturing type of granite, and increasing microwave power reduces the complexity of induced cracks. Microwave power, irradiation time, and output energy aggravates the damage of granite, i.e., its mechanical properties degrade in different degrees. After microwave irradiation, there are regular changes in the types and sizes of microcracks in granite. The number and frequency of AE counts have been enhanced, and high-energy events are induced. The distribution range of average frequency (<i>AF</i>) decreases from 50 ~ 110&#xa0;kHz to 30 ~ 110&#xa0;kHz, while the rise time/amplitude (<i>RA</i>) increases from 0 ~ 10&#xa0;ms/V to 0 ~ 36&#xa0;ms/V. Microwave irradiation leads to an increased likelihood of mineral particles in granite undergoing shear deformation and generating shear microcracks. With an increase in power/ time, granite transitions from tensile failure to shear failure. After the combination of 7.5&#xa0;kW and 48&#xa0;s, the proportion of microcracks increases by 24.48%. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of granite could be predicted through the microwave heating rate. The research findings provide new insights into the application of microwave fracturing technology in the breakage of hard rock in deeply buried tunnels.</p>

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Effect of Microwave Energy Output Modes on Mechanical Properties and Fracturing Characteristics of Granite

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月28日

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  • Ruifeng Tang,
  • Mingzhong Gao,
  • Bengao Yang,
  • Jing Xie,
  • Yunlong Wang,
  • Yanbo Bai,
  • Yang Zhang

摘要

Integrating microwave fracturing technology with mechanical rock breakage has the potential to significantly enhance the rock breakage efficiency of hard rock while reducing energy consumption and wear on cutters. However, the mechanical properties and fracturing characteristics of rock after microwave irradiation are not well understood, particularly with respect to the quantitative description of deeply buried hard rock. In this work, we selected granite from a deeply buried tunnel and investigated the effects of microwave energy output modes on its mechanical properties and fracturing characteristics. The results show that the melt fracturing is the primary fracturing type of granite, and increasing microwave power reduces the complexity of induced cracks. Microwave power, irradiation time, and output energy aggravates the damage of granite, i.e., its mechanical properties degrade in different degrees. After microwave irradiation, there are regular changes in the types and sizes of microcracks in granite. The number and frequency of AE counts have been enhanced, and high-energy events are induced. The distribution range of average frequency (AF) decreases from 50 ~ 110 kHz to 30 ~ 110 kHz, while the rise time/amplitude (RA) increases from 0 ~ 10 ms/V to 0 ~ 36 ms/V. Microwave irradiation leads to an increased likelihood of mineral particles in granite undergoing shear deformation and generating shear microcracks. With an increase in power/ time, granite transitions from tensile failure to shear failure. After the combination of 7.5 kW and 48 s, the proportion of microcracks increases by 24.48%. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of granite could be predicted through the microwave heating rate. The research findings provide new insights into the application of microwave fracturing technology in the breakage of hard rock in deeply buried tunnels.