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<p>The combined impacts of roughness, infill material thickness (IMT) of the joint, and joint orientation angle on the failure criterion (α) of jointed rock under triaxial stresses have not yet been investigated. In this paper, an innovative and comprehensive study was carried out on the failure criterion of jointed rock specimens having three types of IMT of joint (3, 5, and 8&#xa0;mm), with three different roughnesses [tooth-shaped asperity (TSA), rough undulating (RU), and smooth and planar (SP)], and joint orientation angle (α) of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. The preparation of TSA and RU joints was a very difficult task, as they were created using a water jet technique. Altogether, 35 groups of specimens were successfully prepared, and 315 triaxial tests were carried out. The failures occurred along filled discontinuities at joint orientation angles (α) of 30°, 45°, and 60° under different confining pressures, but the failures occurred within the rock matrix for 0° and 90° orientations. The joint friction angles (<i>ϕ</i><sub><i>j</i></sub>) decreased with an increase in IMT from 3 to 8&#xa0;mm for all groups of results, and <i>ϕ</i><sub><i>j</i></sub> was greater for TSA, RU, and SP roughness of the joint, respectively. New correlations were established between the ratio of uniaxial compressive strength of jointed rock to intact rock (<i>σ</i><sub><i>cj</i></sub>/<i>σ</i><sub><i>ci</i></sub>) and key rock failure criteria parameters, incorporating individual joint characteristics, such as roughness, IMT, and α. At the end, comprehensive innovative relations between the combined parameters of rock failure criteria with the <i>σ</i><sub><i>cj</i></sub>/<i>σ</i><sub><i>ci</i></sub> ratio were developed.</p>

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Multiple-Simultaneous Impacts of Roughness, Infill Material Thickness, and Orientation Angle of Jointed Rock on the Failure Criterion Under Triaxial Stresses

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月25日

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  • Sina Soltanalinejad,
  • Hassan Moomivand,
  • Hadi Mokhtarian,
  • Majid Noorian-Bidgoli

摘要

The combined impacts of roughness, infill material thickness (IMT) of the joint, and joint orientation angle on the failure criterion (α) of jointed rock under triaxial stresses have not yet been investigated. In this paper, an innovative and comprehensive study was carried out on the failure criterion of jointed rock specimens having three types of IMT of joint (3, 5, and 8 mm), with three different roughnesses [tooth-shaped asperity (TSA), rough undulating (RU), and smooth and planar (SP)], and joint orientation angle (α) of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. The preparation of TSA and RU joints was a very difficult task, as they were created using a water jet technique. Altogether, 35 groups of specimens were successfully prepared, and 315 triaxial tests were carried out. The failures occurred along filled discontinuities at joint orientation angles (α) of 30°, 45°, and 60° under different confining pressures, but the failures occurred within the rock matrix for 0° and 90° orientations. The joint friction angles (ϕj) decreased with an increase in IMT from 3 to 8 mm for all groups of results, and ϕj was greater for TSA, RU, and SP roughness of the joint, respectively. New correlations were established between the ratio of uniaxial compressive strength of jointed rock to intact rock (σcj/σci) and key rock failure criteria parameters, incorporating individual joint characteristics, such as roughness, IMT, and α. At the end, comprehensive innovative relations between the combined parameters of rock failure criteria with the σcj/σci ratio were developed.