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<p>The seismic stability of steep bedding rock slopes represents a critical concern in geotechnical engineering practice. This study investigates the dynamic response characteristics and failure mechanisms of such slopes through shaking table tests, using a steep bedding rock slope adjacent to the Kangding-to-Xinduqiao Expressway in Southwest China as a prototype. Experimental results reveal that the acceleration amplification ratio exhibits a nonlinear increase with elevation in the vertical direction, while demonstrating a nonlinear decrease with horizontal distance from the slope face. Permanent displacement is found to be predominantly controlled by the peak moment of seismic excitation, with intense sliding causing vertical permanent displacement in the upper slope to surpass horizontal permanent displacement in the mid-slope region. As the peak ground acceleration (PGA) increases, the stress release zone progressively extends deeper into the slope mass. The deformation evolution process is characterized by four distinct failure modes: (a) shallow surface sliding, (b) sliding-local bending failure, (c) sliding-massive bending failure, and (d) sliding-bending-toppling failure. Complementary FLAC3D numerical simulations demonstrate good agreement with experimental observations in terms of acceleration and displacement patterns. Building upon the experimentally identified basic failure mechanisms involving sliding, toppling, and bending, a new stability analysis method based on inclined slice analysis along dominant joint surfaces is put forward. A case study validation shows that the proposed method yields the results consistent with FLAC3D simulations, with a mere 5.3% discrepancy in the computed factor of safety.</p>

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Seismic Responses and Stability Analysis of Steep Bedding Rock Slopes Based on Shaking Table Tests

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月12日

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  • Yuan Qi,
  • Shiguo Xiao

摘要

The seismic stability of steep bedding rock slopes represents a critical concern in geotechnical engineering practice. This study investigates the dynamic response characteristics and failure mechanisms of such slopes through shaking table tests, using a steep bedding rock slope adjacent to the Kangding-to-Xinduqiao Expressway in Southwest China as a prototype. Experimental results reveal that the acceleration amplification ratio exhibits a nonlinear increase with elevation in the vertical direction, while demonstrating a nonlinear decrease with horizontal distance from the slope face. Permanent displacement is found to be predominantly controlled by the peak moment of seismic excitation, with intense sliding causing vertical permanent displacement in the upper slope to surpass horizontal permanent displacement in the mid-slope region. As the peak ground acceleration (PGA) increases, the stress release zone progressively extends deeper into the slope mass. The deformation evolution process is characterized by four distinct failure modes: (a) shallow surface sliding, (b) sliding-local bending failure, (c) sliding-massive bending failure, and (d) sliding-bending-toppling failure. Complementary FLAC3D numerical simulations demonstrate good agreement with experimental observations in terms of acceleration and displacement patterns. Building upon the experimentally identified basic failure mechanisms involving sliding, toppling, and bending, a new stability analysis method based on inclined slice analysis along dominant joint surfaces is put forward. A case study validation shows that the proposed method yields the results consistent with FLAC3D simulations, with a mere 5.3% discrepancy in the computed factor of safety.