<p>The stability analysis of in-situ rock blocks (ISRBs) under blasting loads is a crucial issue in the field of rock mechanics and rock engineering. The block stability analysis has been realized for decades in the literature. However, studies on the automatic identification and stability analysis of ISRBs under blasting loads are limited. In this study, an end-to-end automatic framework is proposed, achieving full-process automation from the slope point cloud model to the in-situ block blasting stability analysis for the first time. First, an automatic block excavation method of ISRBs on slopes, which mainly involves identification and information extraction of discontinuities based on a slope point cloud model and various algorithms, identification of ISRBs based on an improved block search algorithm and geometric representation of them with a polyhedral model, is presented. Subsequently, a generalized semi-deterministic block theory (GSDBT) is introduced, which combines the pseudo-static method and the semi-deterministic block theory considering the discontinuity geometric characteristics to investigate the stability of ISRBs under blasting loads. Considering time-varying blasting loads, the safety factors of ISRBs are computed at each time step to determine their stability over time. The final stability under blasting loads is quantitatively evaluated using two parameters: instability probability <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$P^{u}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>P</mi> <mi>u</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and probabilistic instability volume <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$V^{u}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>V</mi> <mi>u</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. An ISRB is defined as an in-situ blasting unstable rock block (ISBURB) if its <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$P^{u}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>P</mi> <mi>u</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> exceeds 0. Finally, the results from a real slope engineering case indicate that blasting activities significantly affect the stability and kinematics of ISRBs, acting as a crucial triggering factor for ISRBs instability. The results of the identification and stability analysis of ISBURBs contribute to the reasonable design of support systems that reduce protective costs, as well as facilitating the timely implementation of targeted protection for dangerous areas on slopes following blasting activities.</p>

An Automatic Identification Framework of In-Situ Blasting Unstable Rock Blocks Based on a Generalized Semi-deterministic Block Theory

期刊论文
发表日期：

2025年8月20日

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Yangli Zhou,
Haiying Fu,
Jielong Luo

摘要

The stability analysis of in-situ rock blocks (ISRBs) under blasting loads is a crucial issue in the field of rock mechanics and rock engineering. The block stability analysis has been realized for decades in the literature. However, studies on the automatic identification and stability analysis of ISRBs under blasting loads are limited. In this study, an end-to-end automatic framework is proposed, achieving full-process automation from the slope point cloud model to the in-situ block blasting stability analysis for the first time. First, an automatic block excavation method of ISRBs on slopes, which mainly involves identification and information extraction of discontinuities based on a slope point cloud model and various algorithms, identification of ISRBs based on an improved block search algorithm and geometric representation of them with a polyhedral model, is presented. Subsequently, a generalized semi-deterministic block theory (GSDBT) is introduced, which combines the pseudo-static method and the semi-deterministic block theory considering the discontinuity geometric characteristics to investigate the stability of ISRBs under blasting loads. Considering time-varying blasting loads, the safety factors of ISRBs are computed at each time step to determine their stability over time. The final stability under blasting loads is quantitatively evaluated using two parameters: instability probability $P^{u}$ $P^{u}$ and probabilistic instability volume $V^{u}$ $V^{u}$ . An ISRB is defined as an in-situ blasting unstable rock block (ISBURB) if its $P^{u}$ $P^{u}$ exceeds 0. Finally, the results from a real slope engineering case indicate that blasting activities significantly affect the stability and kinematics of ISRBs, acting as a crucial triggering factor for ISRBs instability. The results of the identification and stability analysis of ISBURBs contribute to the reasonable design of support systems that reduce protective costs, as well as facilitating the timely implementation of targeted protection for dangerous areas on slopes following blasting activities.