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<p>Borehole drilling plays a vital role in stabilizing surrounding rock in tunnels and roadways, with borehole quality directly influencing rock bolt anchoring. In argillaceous surrounding rock, challenges, such as drill sticking and jamming, often occur, obstructing cuttings discharge and hindering efficient borehole formation. This study integrates theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, laboratory testing, and field tests to investigate the generation, size, and argillized (“Argillized” is the result of the reaction between drilling cuttings and water) characteristics of drilling cuttings using the common PDC two-wing drill bit. An anti-adhesion drill bit was developed, with the structure and channel dimensions optimized for improved performance. Results reveal a strong correlation between the degree of argillization (“Argillization” is the process of the reaction between drilling cuttings and water) and the particle size of drilling cuttings. Smaller particle sizes, particularly those &lt; 0.5&#xa0;mm, increase specific surface area and enhance argillization. The existing drill bit structure tends to cause local aggregation of drilling fluid and drilling cuttings, hindering their return. By modifying the bit blade design, the generation of small-sized drilling cuttings is reduced, thereby minimizing argillization and adhesion. The standard bit design promotes local accumulation of fluid and cuttings, impairing return flow. Modifying the blade structure reduces the production of ultra-fine cuttings, thereby limiting argillization and adhesion. The optimized bit encourages the generation of particles within the 0.5–2.5&#xa0;mm range, reducing both fine and oversized fragments. Additionally, the new design lowers energy loss during cuttings transport, enhancing discharge efficiency. Laboratory and field tests confirm that the anti-adhesion bit improves drilling rate and drilling cuttings removal in argillaceous rock for high-quality borehole formation. The findings provide theoretical and technical references for borehole drilling in similar geological conditions.</p>

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Argillized Characteristics of Drilling Cuttings in Argillaceous Surrounding Rock and the Design of an Anti-adhesion Drill Bit for Borehole Drilling of Rock Bolt

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月24日

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  • Mengxiong Fu,
  • Shuaishuai Huang,
  • Shaowei Liu,
  • Deyin He,
  • Housheng Jia,
  • Yatao Li

摘要

Borehole drilling plays a vital role in stabilizing surrounding rock in tunnels and roadways, with borehole quality directly influencing rock bolt anchoring. In argillaceous surrounding rock, challenges, such as drill sticking and jamming, often occur, obstructing cuttings discharge and hindering efficient borehole formation. This study integrates theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, laboratory testing, and field tests to investigate the generation, size, and argillized (“Argillized” is the result of the reaction between drilling cuttings and water) characteristics of drilling cuttings using the common PDC two-wing drill bit. An anti-adhesion drill bit was developed, with the structure and channel dimensions optimized for improved performance. Results reveal a strong correlation between the degree of argillization (“Argillization” is the process of the reaction between drilling cuttings and water) and the particle size of drilling cuttings. Smaller particle sizes, particularly those < 0.5 mm, increase specific surface area and enhance argillization. The existing drill bit structure tends to cause local aggregation of drilling fluid and drilling cuttings, hindering their return. By modifying the bit blade design, the generation of small-sized drilling cuttings is reduced, thereby minimizing argillization and adhesion. The standard bit design promotes local accumulation of fluid and cuttings, impairing return flow. Modifying the blade structure reduces the production of ultra-fine cuttings, thereby limiting argillization and adhesion. The optimized bit encourages the generation of particles within the 0.5–2.5 mm range, reducing both fine and oversized fragments. Additionally, the new design lowers energy loss during cuttings transport, enhancing discharge efficiency. Laboratory and field tests confirm that the anti-adhesion bit improves drilling rate and drilling cuttings removal in argillaceous rock for high-quality borehole formation. The findings provide theoretical and technical references for borehole drilling in similar geological conditions.