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<p>The mechanical mechanism of open tunnel boring machine (TBM) tunnel construction in rheological strata is not clear. The bolt, shotcrete and secondary lining timings are closely related to the TBM tunneling performance. The existing analytical solutions have difficulty reflecting the real construction process of an open TBM. This study develops a viscoelastic analytical solution that reflects the real open TBM construction process by considering excavation and bolt, shotcrete and secondary lining construction, and the construction time is determined by introducing a TBM tunneling performance prediction model. Machine learning is used to optimize the analytical solution in the bolt construction stage, making it more efficient and convenient. Considering the deterioration of shotcrete, the real engineering situation can be modeled. Three conventional creep models are introduced into the analytical solution to comprehensively analyze the open TBM time-dependent law in strata with different rheological properties. The numerical simulation results show that the analytical solution has good accuracy. Compared with the new Austrian tunneling method (NATM) tunnel, an open TBM tunnel needs bolts and shotcrete for strengthening to ensure that the tunnel can withstand rheological loads before the second lining is constructed. When the strata conditions are the same, an increase in the TBM advance rate (AR) causes a decrease in tunnel displacement and an increase in support pressure. This study also conducted creep parameter analysis for open TBM tunnels in strata with different rheological properties. Parameter analysis intuitively reflects the relationships between creep parameters and the time-dependent trends of open TBM tunnels. Moreover, improvement measures for the support of open TBM tunnels compared with NATM tunnels are proposed. Finally, the analytical solution is applied to practical engineering, and the results prove that the method in this study can predict the open TBM tunnel time-dependent law well in soft rock.</p>

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Viscoelastic Analytical Solution for Deep Buried Open TBM Tunnels: Considering the Sequential Installation of Bolts, Shotcrete and Lining

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月16日

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  • Haixiang Lai,
  • Baoguo Liu,
  • Zhaofei Chu,
  • Xiaomeng Shi,
  • Jinpeng Zhao,
  • Baojin ZHANG

摘要

The mechanical mechanism of open tunnel boring machine (TBM) tunnel construction in rheological strata is not clear. The bolt, shotcrete and secondary lining timings are closely related to the TBM tunneling performance. The existing analytical solutions have difficulty reflecting the real construction process of an open TBM. This study develops a viscoelastic analytical solution that reflects the real open TBM construction process by considering excavation and bolt, shotcrete and secondary lining construction, and the construction time is determined by introducing a TBM tunneling performance prediction model. Machine learning is used to optimize the analytical solution in the bolt construction stage, making it more efficient and convenient. Considering the deterioration of shotcrete, the real engineering situation can be modeled. Three conventional creep models are introduced into the analytical solution to comprehensively analyze the open TBM time-dependent law in strata with different rheological properties. The numerical simulation results show that the analytical solution has good accuracy. Compared with the new Austrian tunneling method (NATM) tunnel, an open TBM tunnel needs bolts and shotcrete for strengthening to ensure that the tunnel can withstand rheological loads before the second lining is constructed. When the strata conditions are the same, an increase in the TBM advance rate (AR) causes a decrease in tunnel displacement and an increase in support pressure. This study also conducted creep parameter analysis for open TBM tunnels in strata with different rheological properties. Parameter analysis intuitively reflects the relationships between creep parameters and the time-dependent trends of open TBM tunnels. Moreover, improvement measures for the support of open TBM tunnels compared with NATM tunnels are proposed. Finally, the analytical solution is applied to practical engineering, and the results prove that the method in this study can predict the open TBM tunnel time-dependent law well in soft rock.