Asymptotic normalization coefficients (ANCs) of the \(0_1^+\) , \(0_2^+\) , \(1_1^-\) , \(2_1^+\) , \(3_1^-\) ( \(l_{i th}^\pi \) ) bound states of \(^{16}\) O are deduced from the phase shift data of elastic \(\alpha \) - \(^{12}\) C scattering at low energies. S matrices of elastic \(\alpha \) - \(^{12}\) C scattering are constructed within cluster effective field theory (EFT), in which both bound and resonant states of \(^{16}\) O are considered. Parameters in the S matrices are fitted to the precise phase shift data below the p- \(^{15}\) N breakup energy for the partial waves of \(l=0,1,2,3,4,5,6\) , and the ANCs are calculated by using the wave function normalization factors of \(^{16}\) O propagators for \(l=0,1,2,3\) . We review the values of ANCs, which are compared with other results in the literature, and discuss uncertainties of the ANCs obtained from the elastic \(\alpha \) - \(^{12}\) C scattering data in cluster EFT.