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Purpose <p>The CheckMate 577 trial revealed that adjuvant nivolumab administration following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery significantly improved the disease-free survival (DFS). However, evidence supporting its effectiveness following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery for advanced esophageal cancer remains limited. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of adjuvant nivolumab therapy in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by esophagectomy.</p> Methods <p>We retrospectively analyzed 53 patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by esophagectomy for advanced esophageal cancer between 2021 and 2024 years. Patients were divided into the adjuvant nivolumab and non-adjuvant groups. Clinicopathological factors, surgical outcomes, adverse events, and survival rates were compared between the groups. We also investigated the association between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and survival outcome.</p> Results <p>Of the 53 patients, 15 (28%) received adjuvant nivolumab therapy. The DFS was significantly better in the adjuvant nivolumab group. In the multivariate analysis, although not significantly, adjuvant nivolumab was identified as a favorable prognostic factor. In total, 8 patients (53%) developed irAEs; those who developed irAEs and completed 1-year adjuvant nivolumab therapy showed a longer DFS than those without irAEs.</p> Conclusion <p>Adjuvant nivolumab therapy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery may improve the DFS in patients with advanced esophageal cancer. Appropriate irAE management may support therapy completion and improve patient outcome.</p>

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Clinical outcomes of adjuvant nivolumab following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and esophagectomy in patients with esophageal cancer: A single-center retrospective cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Naomichi Koga,
  • Yasue Kimura,
  • Rena Yokomizo,
  • Munehide Terashi,
  • Ayako Iwanaga,
  • Yuta Kasagi,
  • Masahiko Sugiyama,
  • Keishi Sugimachi,
  • Morita Masaru,
  • Mototsugu Shimokawa,
  • Eiji Oki

摘要

Purpose

The CheckMate 577 trial revealed that adjuvant nivolumab administration following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery significantly improved the disease-free survival (DFS). However, evidence supporting its effectiveness following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery for advanced esophageal cancer remains limited. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of adjuvant nivolumab therapy in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by esophagectomy.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 53 patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by esophagectomy for advanced esophageal cancer between 2021 and 2024 years. Patients were divided into the adjuvant nivolumab and non-adjuvant groups. Clinicopathological factors, surgical outcomes, adverse events, and survival rates were compared between the groups. We also investigated the association between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and survival outcome.

Results

Of the 53 patients, 15 (28%) received adjuvant nivolumab therapy. The DFS was significantly better in the adjuvant nivolumab group. In the multivariate analysis, although not significantly, adjuvant nivolumab was identified as a favorable prognostic factor. In total, 8 patients (53%) developed irAEs; those who developed irAEs and completed 1-year adjuvant nivolumab therapy showed a longer DFS than those without irAEs.

Conclusion

Adjuvant nivolumab therapy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery may improve the DFS in patients with advanced esophageal cancer. Appropriate irAE management may support therapy completion and improve patient outcome.