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Introduction <p>Sleep disturbances are common in patients with degenerative lumbar disease, yet the effect of surgical treatment on sleep recovery remains insufficiently quantified. This meta-analysis evaluated postoperative changes in sleep quality, pain, disability, and quality of life (QoL) following lumbar spine surgery.</p> Methods <p>PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched up to 1 March 2026 for studies reporting pre- and postoperative outcomes in adults undergoing surgery for degenerative lumbar pathologies. A Bayesian random-effects model with vague priors for overall effects and weakly informative priors for between-study heterogeneity were applied. Sensitivity analyses with alternative priors and subgroup analyses by study design, risk of bias, mean age, procedure, and pathology were performed. Posterior probabilities (PP), 95% credible intervals (CrIs), and posterior predictive distributions were estimated.</p> Results <p>Twenty-five studies comprising 3,546 patients were included. Surgery was associated with improvement in sleep quality (SMD − 1.36; 95% CrI − 2.02 to − 0.71; PP 99%). Significant reductions were observed in back pain (MD − 3.73; 95% CrI − 4.75 to − 2.69; PP 99%), leg pain (MD − 3.44; 95% CrI − 4.47 to − 2.40; PP 99%), disability (MD − 18.95; 95% CrI − 26.41 to − 11.48; PP 99%), and improved QoL (SMD 1.09; 95% CrI 0.23 to 1.95; PP 99%). Meta-regression suggested that pathology and risk of bias contributed to heterogeneity, whereas age, procedure, and study design had limited influence.</p> Conclusion <p>This Bayesian meta-analysis found that lumbar surgery for degenerative lumbar disease is associated with improvements in sleep quality, pain, disability, and QoL, supporting the inclusion of sleep outcomes in perioperative assessment.</p>

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Sleep quality after lumbar surgery for degenerative lumbar disease: a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis with meta-regression

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月10日

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  • Plamen Penchev,
  • Stefan Motov,
  • Nikolay Peev,
  • Daniela Milanova-Ilieva,
  • Noor Husain,
  • Pervez Alam,
  • Petar Preslav-Petrov,
  • Nikolai Ramadanov,
  • Laurens Noack,
  • Mehmet Zileli

摘要

Introduction

Sleep disturbances are common in patients with degenerative lumbar disease, yet the effect of surgical treatment on sleep recovery remains insufficiently quantified. This meta-analysis evaluated postoperative changes in sleep quality, pain, disability, and quality of life (QoL) following lumbar spine surgery.

Methods

PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched up to 1 March 2026 for studies reporting pre- and postoperative outcomes in adults undergoing surgery for degenerative lumbar pathologies. A Bayesian random-effects model with vague priors for overall effects and weakly informative priors for between-study heterogeneity were applied. Sensitivity analyses with alternative priors and subgroup analyses by study design, risk of bias, mean age, procedure, and pathology were performed. Posterior probabilities (PP), 95% credible intervals (CrIs), and posterior predictive distributions were estimated.

Results

Twenty-five studies comprising 3,546 patients were included. Surgery was associated with improvement in sleep quality (SMD − 1.36; 95% CrI − 2.02 to − 0.71; PP 99%). Significant reductions were observed in back pain (MD − 3.73; 95% CrI − 4.75 to − 2.69; PP 99%), leg pain (MD − 3.44; 95% CrI − 4.47 to − 2.40; PP 99%), disability (MD − 18.95; 95% CrI − 26.41 to − 11.48; PP 99%), and improved QoL (SMD 1.09; 95% CrI 0.23 to 1.95; PP 99%). Meta-regression suggested that pathology and risk of bias contributed to heterogeneity, whereas age, procedure, and study design had limited influence.

Conclusion

This Bayesian meta-analysis found that lumbar surgery for degenerative lumbar disease is associated with improvements in sleep quality, pain, disability, and QoL, supporting the inclusion of sleep outcomes in perioperative assessment.