Incidence and risk factors of subsequent vertebral fracture following percutaneous vertebral augmentation in postmenopausal women

Subsequent vertebral fracture (SVF) is a severe advent event of percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA). However, the incidence and risk factors of SVF following PVA for OVCF in postmenopausal women remain unclear. This research aims to investigative the incidence and risk factors of SVF after PVA for OVCF in postmenopausal women.

Women who underwent initial PVA for OVCF between August 2019 and December 2021 were reviewed. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify possible risk factors of SVF, and independent risk factors were determined by multivariate logistic regression.

A total of 682 women after menopause were enrolled in the study. Of these women, 100 cases had an SVF after PVA, with the incidence of 14.66%. Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age (p = 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001), steroid use (p = 0.008), history of previous vertebral fracture (p < 0.001), multiple vertebral fracture (p = 0.033), postoperative wedge angle (p = 0.003), and HU value (p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with SVF following PVA. Furthermore, BMI (OR [95%CI] = 0.892 [0.825 − 0.965]; p = 0.004), steroid use (OR [95%CI] = 3.029 [1.211 − 7.574]; p = 0.018), history of previous vertebral fracture (OR [95%CI] = 1.898 [1.148 − 3.139]; p = 0.013), postoperative wedge angle (OR [95%CI] = 1.036 [1.004 − 1.070]; p = 0.028), and HU value (OR [95%CI] = 0.980 [0.971 − 0.990]; p < 0.001) were identified as independent risk factors of SVF after PVA by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

The incidence of SVF following PVA for OVCF in postmenopausal women was 14.66%. BMI, steroid use, history of previous vertebral fracture, postoperative wedge angle, and HU value were independent risk factors of SVF after PVA for OVCF in postmenopausal women.