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<p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, which can lead to oxidative stress and subsequent impairments in organs such as pancreas, small intestine, and testes if left unmanaged. This study aimed to investigate the effects of two diets supplemented with two local varieties (type 1: <i>Yar syria</i>; type 2: <i>Kumatun akuya</i>) of okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i>) on antioxidant indices in type 2 diabetic rats. Two okra diets were formulated from each of the two varieties and their proximate composition were estimated by AOAC procedures. Albino rats were randomly divided into seven groups, consisting of normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic rats fed on low percentage (20%) variety 1 okra-formulated diet (DLY), diabetic rats fed on high percentage (40%) variety&#xa0;1 okra-formulated diet (DHY), diabetic rats fed on low percentage (20%) variety 2 okra-supplemented diet (DLK), diabetic rats fed on high percentage (40%) variety 2 okra-supplemented diet (DHK), and diabetic rats treated with metformin (DMF) groups. T2DM was induced by&#xa0;the administration of 10% fructose for 2&#xa0;weeks, then intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (45&#xa0;mg/kg body weight) prepared in cold citrate buffer (0.1&#xa0;M, pH 4.5). Throughout&#xa0;the four-week&#xa0;of dietary intervention, weekly blood glucose level was recorded, and after this period, the rats were sacrificed; blood sample and selected tissues (pancreas, small intestine, and testes) were collected and prepared for further analyses. The proximate composition showed that ash, lipid, and protein contents were highest in high concentration variety 1&#xa0;okra-formulated&#xa0;diets (40% V1-FD) compared to other diets supplemented with the two okra varieties. However, fiber and carbohydrate contents were highest in low concentration variety 1 okra-formulated diet (20% V1-FD) and high concentration variety 2 okra-formulated diets (40% V2-FD), respectively. Feeding with two okra-based diet significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) reduced fasting blood glucose and malondialdehyde in type 2 diabetic rats. However, total protein&#xa0;leves and antioxidant enzyme&#xa0;activities (catalase, CAT, and superoxide dismutase, SOD) were significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) elevated in pancreas, small intestine, and testes of diabetic rats fed on two diets formulated with two varieties of okra. The effects observed were both variety- and concentration-dependent. This study suggests that diets formulated from the two varieties of okra mitigate oxidative stress via the elevation of CAT and SOD activities and reduction of MDA level in the selected organs of type 2 diabetic rats. Moreover, variety 2 okra showed comparatively better effects in terms of the estimated antioxidant parameters in the various tissues compared to the variety 1 okra, though, the two okra varieties possess antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities in pancreas, small intestine, and testis; therefore, the two okra varieties might serve as a potential dietary strategy for managing T2DM.</p>

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Okra variety-specific diets improve glycemic control and attenuate tissue oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic rats

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • Ahmed Olatunde,
  • Amina Ahmad Nayaya,
  • Maigari Ibrahim Isa,
  • Fahad Muhammad Adamu,
  • Nuhu Mandi Istifanus,
  • Umar Sulaiman,
  • Bilkisu Muhammad Bakori,
  • Amina Ibrahim,
  • Mukaila Abdulkarim,
  • Musbaudeen Taye Tiamiyu,
  • Habibu Tijjani,
  • Bege Jonathan

摘要

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, which can lead to oxidative stress and subsequent impairments in organs such as pancreas, small intestine, and testes if left unmanaged. This study aimed to investigate the effects of two diets supplemented with two local varieties (type 1: Yar syria; type 2: Kumatun akuya) of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) on antioxidant indices in type 2 diabetic rats. Two okra diets were formulated from each of the two varieties and their proximate composition were estimated by AOAC procedures. Albino rats were randomly divided into seven groups, consisting of normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic rats fed on low percentage (20%) variety 1 okra-formulated diet (DLY), diabetic rats fed on high percentage (40%) variety 1 okra-formulated diet (DHY), diabetic rats fed on low percentage (20%) variety 2 okra-supplemented diet (DLK), diabetic rats fed on high percentage (40%) variety 2 okra-supplemented diet (DHK), and diabetic rats treated with metformin (DMF) groups. T2DM was induced by the administration of 10% fructose for 2 weeks, then intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body weight) prepared in cold citrate buffer (0.1 M, pH 4.5). Throughout the four-week of dietary intervention, weekly blood glucose level was recorded, and after this period, the rats were sacrificed; blood sample and selected tissues (pancreas, small intestine, and testes) were collected and prepared for further analyses. The proximate composition showed that ash, lipid, and protein contents were highest in high concentration variety 1 okra-formulated diets (40% V1-FD) compared to other diets supplemented with the two okra varieties. However, fiber and carbohydrate contents were highest in low concentration variety 1 okra-formulated diet (20% V1-FD) and high concentration variety 2 okra-formulated diets (40% V2-FD), respectively. Feeding with two okra-based diet significantly (p < 0.05) reduced fasting blood glucose and malondialdehyde in type 2 diabetic rats. However, total protein leves and antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase, CAT, and superoxide dismutase, SOD) were significantly (p < 0.05) elevated in pancreas, small intestine, and testes of diabetic rats fed on two diets formulated with two varieties of okra. The effects observed were both variety- and concentration-dependent. This study suggests that diets formulated from the two varieties of okra mitigate oxidative stress via the elevation of CAT and SOD activities and reduction of MDA level in the selected organs of type 2 diabetic rats. Moreover, variety 2 okra showed comparatively better effects in terms of the estimated antioxidant parameters in the various tissues compared to the variety 1 okra, though, the two okra varieties possess antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities in pancreas, small intestine, and testis; therefore, the two okra varieties might serve as a potential dietary strategy for managing T2DM.