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<p>Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus promotes oxidative stress and inflammation, contributing to metabolic imbalance. The search for plant-based therapies has highlighted several plants, among which <i>Desmodium uncinatum</i> stands out as a potential source of bioactive compounds with antidiabetic properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of <i>Desmodium uncinatum</i> aqueous extract in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Type 1 diabetes was induced in male rats via intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of STZ at 60&#xa0;mg/kg. After 72&#xa0;h, only animals with blood glucose levels above 200&#xa0;mg/dL were selected for the remainder of the experiment. Treated groups received the aqueous extract of <i>D. uncinatum</i> (AEDU)&#xa0;at doses of 91, 182, and 273&#xa0;mg/kg. Parameters assessed included blood glucose, body weight, lipid profile, oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH, NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β). Histological examinations of liver and pancreas were also performed. The extract significantly reduced (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 to <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) blood glucose levels and improved weight gain in diabetic rats. It also corrected dyslipidemia and restored antioxidant enzyme activities while decreasing MDA levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). The increased inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-1β) in the diabetic group were markedly attenuated in groups treated with AEDU. Histological analysis revealed the protective effect of the extract against hepatocytes and islets injury. <i>Desmodium uncinatum</i> exhibits promising antihyperglycemic<b>,</b> antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, supporting its potential use as an alternative therapy in the management of diabetes.</p>

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Therapeutic effects of Desmodium uncinatum on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in Wistar rats: modulation of hyperglycemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • Jordane Kamgaing Waguia,
  • Sylviane Laure Poualeu Kamani,
  • Moïse Legentil Nchouwet,
  • Rostand Cyrille Douho Djimeli,
  • Lylie Gisele Atsafack Mboudem,
  • Sylvie Lea Wansi Ngnokam

摘要

Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus promotes oxidative stress and inflammation, contributing to metabolic imbalance. The search for plant-based therapies has highlighted several plants, among which Desmodium uncinatum stands out as a potential source of bioactive compounds with antidiabetic properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of Desmodium uncinatum aqueous extract in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Type 1 diabetes was induced in male rats via intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of STZ at 60 mg/kg. After 72 h, only animals with blood glucose levels above 200 mg/dL were selected for the remainder of the experiment. Treated groups received the aqueous extract of D. uncinatum (AEDU) at doses of 91, 182, and 273 mg/kg. Parameters assessed included blood glucose, body weight, lipid profile, oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH, NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β). Histological examinations of liver and pancreas were also performed. The extract significantly reduced (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001) blood glucose levels and improved weight gain in diabetic rats. It also corrected dyslipidemia and restored antioxidant enzyme activities while decreasing MDA levels (p < 0.01). The increased inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-1β) in the diabetic group were markedly attenuated in groups treated with AEDU. Histological analysis revealed the protective effect of the extract against hepatocytes and islets injury. Desmodium uncinatum exhibits promising antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, supporting its potential use as an alternative therapy in the management of diabetes.