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<p>Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), caused by ovine gammaherpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2), is a significant viral disease affecting livestock. In regions practicing mixed farming or common grazing with sheep, such as Maharashtra, India, MCF can pose an elevated risk due to potential interspecies virus transmission; however, there are no reports of MCF in animals from Maharashtra, India. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OvHV-2 in sheep and buffaloes in the western region of Maharashtra, India, and assess its clinical and hematological findings. A total of 387 buffaloes and 386 sheep were sampled, and OvHV-2 was detected using the WOAH-recommended heminested PCR assay targeting the polymerase gene. Hematological and clinical parameters of infected buffaloes were analyzed, and phylogenetic analysis was performed on the viral sequences obtained. The study revealed a high prevalence of OvHV-2 in sheep (33.42%), identifying them as asymptomatic reservoirs, and a lower prevalence in buffaloes (3.35%). Clinical signs observed in infected buffaloes included fever, corneal opacity, and mucopurulent discharges. Hematological analysis indicated leukocytosis or leukopenia, depending on disease severity. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated genetic similarities between OvHV-2 strains circulating in Maharashtra and those reported from other Indian states, suggesting livestock movement might be a transmission route. The findings underscore the need for enhanced diagnostic capabilities, biosecurity measures, and strategies to reduce interspecies interactions in mixed farming systems. These interventions are critical to mitigating the impact of MCF on livestock health and productivity in endemic regions.</p>

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Prevalence and clinico-pathological insights on OvHV-2 infection in buffaloes reared in close contact with sheep from western part of India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

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  • Arunesh Kumar R.,
  • Vitthal S. Dhaygude,
  • Chandrashekhar S. Mote,
  • Chandrakant D. Bhong,
  • Mrunalini S. Budhe,
  • Santosh B. Swami,
  • Sachin S. Pawar,
  • Bhupesh P. Kamdi,
  • Nitin V. Kurkure

摘要

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), caused by ovine gammaherpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2), is a significant viral disease affecting livestock. In regions practicing mixed farming or common grazing with sheep, such as Maharashtra, India, MCF can pose an elevated risk due to potential interspecies virus transmission; however, there are no reports of MCF in animals from Maharashtra, India. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OvHV-2 in sheep and buffaloes in the western region of Maharashtra, India, and assess its clinical and hematological findings. A total of 387 buffaloes and 386 sheep were sampled, and OvHV-2 was detected using the WOAH-recommended heminested PCR assay targeting the polymerase gene. Hematological and clinical parameters of infected buffaloes were analyzed, and phylogenetic analysis was performed on the viral sequences obtained. The study revealed a high prevalence of OvHV-2 in sheep (33.42%), identifying them as asymptomatic reservoirs, and a lower prevalence in buffaloes (3.35%). Clinical signs observed in infected buffaloes included fever, corneal opacity, and mucopurulent discharges. Hematological analysis indicated leukocytosis or leukopenia, depending on disease severity. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated genetic similarities between OvHV-2 strains circulating in Maharashtra and those reported from other Indian states, suggesting livestock movement might be a transmission route. The findings underscore the need for enhanced diagnostic capabilities, biosecurity measures, and strategies to reduce interspecies interactions in mixed farming systems. These interventions are critical to mitigating the impact of MCF on livestock health and productivity in endemic regions.