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<p>Selenium is an essential mineral found naturally in soil, water, and some foods and is necessary for human and animal health. Selenium supplementation is particularly important for individuals with selenium deficiency. Selenium supplements come in various forms, such as selenocysteine, selenite, selenomethionine, and selenate. While selenium is vital for health, excessive intake can lead to toxicity, causing adverse effects. This study examines the effects of low and high doses of sodium selenite on various hematological, biochemical, antioxidant, and histopathological parameters and bone marrow micronucleus assay in mice. Forty-two Swiss albino mice were randomly divided into three groups and treated orally for 14&#xa0;days: Group I received sterile saline as a control, Group II received a low dose of sodium selenite at 1&#xa0;mg/kg body weight, and Group III received a high dose of sodium selenite at 5&#xa0;mg/kg body weight. Both low and high doses of sodium selenite resulted in a significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) decrease in hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume. Biochemical analysis showed a significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) increase in AST, ALT, BUN, and creatinine levels, indicative of liver and kidney toxicity. Repeated oral administration of low and high doses of sodium selenite also caused a significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) increase in lipid peroxidation and catalase levels over the 14-day experiment, suggesting oxidative stress. Effects of sodium selenite on histopathology depend on the dosage administered, with higher doses generally resulting in more pronounced tissue damage across the liver, kidney, and spleen. The micronucleus assay reveals several potential changes indicative of genotoxicity and chromosomal damage. These findings highlight the potential toxic effects of excessive selenium intake and underscore the importance of appropriate dosing in selenium supplementation.</p>

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Sodium selenite induced clinico-pathological alternations in mice

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月11日

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  • Deepak Kumar,
  • Rohit Raj,
  • Imran Ali,
  • Avnish Kumar Gautam,
  • Ajeet Kumar,
  • Manoj Kumar Sinha,
  • Tanmoy Rana

摘要

Selenium is an essential mineral found naturally in soil, water, and some foods and is necessary for human and animal health. Selenium supplementation is particularly important for individuals with selenium deficiency. Selenium supplements come in various forms, such as selenocysteine, selenite, selenomethionine, and selenate. While selenium is vital for health, excessive intake can lead to toxicity, causing adverse effects. This study examines the effects of low and high doses of sodium selenite on various hematological, biochemical, antioxidant, and histopathological parameters and bone marrow micronucleus assay in mice. Forty-two Swiss albino mice were randomly divided into three groups and treated orally for 14 days: Group I received sterile saline as a control, Group II received a low dose of sodium selenite at 1 mg/kg body weight, and Group III received a high dose of sodium selenite at 5 mg/kg body weight. Both low and high doses of sodium selenite resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume. Biochemical analysis showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in AST, ALT, BUN, and creatinine levels, indicative of liver and kidney toxicity. Repeated oral administration of low and high doses of sodium selenite also caused a significant (p < 0.05) increase in lipid peroxidation and catalase levels over the 14-day experiment, suggesting oxidative stress. Effects of sodium selenite on histopathology depend on the dosage administered, with higher doses generally resulting in more pronounced tissue damage across the liver, kidney, and spleen. The micronucleus assay reveals several potential changes indicative of genotoxicity and chromosomal damage. These findings highlight the potential toxic effects of excessive selenium intake and underscore the importance of appropriate dosing in selenium supplementation.