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<p>Sulfasalazine (SSZ) is a sulfonamide antibacterial drug used in treating ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Toxic effects were reported in humans and animals. This study aims to evaluate the effects of varied oral doses of sulfasalazine therapy on the brain and kidney in the rat model. Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups (A–D) of five rats each. Groups A, B, and C rats received 150-, 300-, and 600-mg/kg body weight of sulfasalazine by oral gavage for 30&#xa0;days. Group D rats were the controls, given water placebo. Blood samples were collected for hemato-biochemical analyses. The kidneys and brains were processed for histopathology. Sulfasalazine significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) increased serum creatinine and urea levels at 300&#xa0;mg/kg and 600&#xa0;mg/kg, and significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) decreased serum SOD and catalase activities at 600&#xa0;mg/kg in the rats. It also caused sub-meningeal edema at 150&#xa0;mg/kg and non-suppurative meningitis at 300&#xa0;mg/kg and 600&#xa0;mg/kg. Renal tubular necrosis was seen in all the sulfasalazine-treated rats. The results suggest that sulfasalazine is nephrotoxic and may cause non-suppurative meningitis in rats.</p>

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Evaluation of sulfasalazine neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月8日

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  • Davinson Chuka Anyogu,
  • Arinzechukwu Stephen Ezema,
  • Kamsiyochukwu Vivian Onuora,
  • John Ikechukwu Ihedioha

摘要

Sulfasalazine (SSZ) is a sulfonamide antibacterial drug used in treating ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Toxic effects were reported in humans and animals. This study aims to evaluate the effects of varied oral doses of sulfasalazine therapy on the brain and kidney in the rat model. Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups (A–D) of five rats each. Groups A, B, and C rats received 150-, 300-, and 600-mg/kg body weight of sulfasalazine by oral gavage for 30 days. Group D rats were the controls, given water placebo. Blood samples were collected for hemato-biochemical analyses. The kidneys and brains were processed for histopathology. Sulfasalazine significantly (p < 0.05) increased serum creatinine and urea levels at 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg, and significantly (p < 0.05) decreased serum SOD and catalase activities at 600 mg/kg in the rats. It also caused sub-meningeal edema at 150 mg/kg and non-suppurative meningitis at 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg. Renal tubular necrosis was seen in all the sulfasalazine-treated rats. The results suggest that sulfasalazine is nephrotoxic and may cause non-suppurative meningitis in rats.