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<p>The ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal ecologies of old forests on islands are important to conserve but have been understudied, especially in eastern North America. In this study, we characterize the ECM fungal communities of four ~ 9000-year-old red spruce (<i>Picea rubens</i>) sites and one beech-birch site on a coastal island in Maine, USA, the first such study on a northeastern North American coastal island. By sampling the ECM fungi colonizing seedling roots, mature roots and root-free bulk soil, we show that the ECM communities in red spruce sites are dominated by <i>Cenococcum</i>, <i>Piloderma</i> and <i>Cortinarius</i>. Further, we show extremely limited ECM fungal community overlap between red spruce sites and a beech-birch site suggesting factors affecting ECM fungal communities on this island are like those on mainland. Within red spruce sites, we show substantial overlap between the ECM fungi on seedling, mature tree roots and root-free bulk soil by dominant genera and identify specific ECM fungal sequence variants found widely across these old growth stands.</p>

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The ectomycorrhizal fungal communities of 9000-year-old red spruce forests on a coastal island of northeastern North America

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月19日

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  • Peter Avis,
  • Evan Warburton

摘要

The ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal ecologies of old forests on islands are important to conserve but have been understudied, especially in eastern North America. In this study, we characterize the ECM fungal communities of four ~ 9000-year-old red spruce (Picea rubens) sites and one beech-birch site on a coastal island in Maine, USA, the first such study on a northeastern North American coastal island. By sampling the ECM fungi colonizing seedling roots, mature roots and root-free bulk soil, we show that the ECM communities in red spruce sites are dominated by Cenococcum, Piloderma and Cortinarius. Further, we show extremely limited ECM fungal community overlap between red spruce sites and a beech-birch site suggesting factors affecting ECM fungal communities on this island are like those on mainland. Within red spruce sites, we show substantial overlap between the ECM fungi on seedling, mature tree roots and root-free bulk soil by dominant genera and identify specific ECM fungal sequence variants found widely across these old growth stands.