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<p>This article presents an innovative design for an all-optical Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC). An airborne triangular lattice photonic crystal structure in two dimensions serves as the foundation for the optical DAC, with a footprint of ~ 340&#xa0;μm², and does not incorporate any nonlinear elements. The slab height is set as 2&#xa0;μm. The design utilizes two Mach-Zehnder Interferometers and a single π/2-phase shifter. The entire crystal’s photonic band diagram as well as the projected band of the waveguide are computed using the Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) approach, while the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method is used to compute the device’s performance. Simulation results show a high bit-rate of ~ 1.43 Tbps and an operating bandwidth of 1.43 THz, even under the worst-case situation. The compact footprint, rapid response time, and higher bandwidth make this proposed device ideal for optical signal processing applications.</p>

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Design and numerical analysis of all-optical digital to analog converter using optical waveguides

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月10日

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  • Kalyan Kumar Ghosh,
  • Haraprasad Mondal,
  • Tanmoy Datta,
  • Himanshu Ranjan Das,
  • Mohammad Soroosh,
  • Kamanashis Goswami,
  • Sandip Swarnakar,
  • Mahmoud F. Y. Shalaby

摘要

This article presents an innovative design for an all-optical Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC). An airborne triangular lattice photonic crystal structure in two dimensions serves as the foundation for the optical DAC, with a footprint of ~ 340 μm², and does not incorporate any nonlinear elements. The slab height is set as 2 μm. The design utilizes two Mach-Zehnder Interferometers and a single π/2-phase shifter. The entire crystal’s photonic band diagram as well as the projected band of the waveguide are computed using the Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) approach, while the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method is used to compute the device’s performance. Simulation results show a high bit-rate of ~ 1.43 Tbps and an operating bandwidth of 1.43 THz, even under the worst-case situation. The compact footprint, rapid response time, and higher bandwidth make this proposed device ideal for optical signal processing applications.