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<p>Microfluidic devices need precise heating for essential applications like polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA hybridization, and cell culture. This study presents an innovative WACAN chip (WAterwall Cooling-type micro-domAiN heating chip) designed to enhance the performance and reliability of microfluidic technologies utilized for nucleic acid amplification. The chip combines two micro-heaters and a liquid cold plate into the chip’s architecture to support the three-temperature PCR. The temperature stability in the heating areas is maintained within ± 0.5&#xa0;°C. To minimize the evaporation of the sample solution and the adsorption of proteins onto the hydrophobic channel surface, the PDMS channel surface is treated with the Tween 20 or BSA solution for static passivation, and the dilute solution is added to the PCR mixture for dynamic passivation. Additionally, the mineral oil segments surrounding the DNA solution can reduce sample evaporation and ensure a steady fluid flow rate of 0.25 or 0.5 µL/min. The DNA segment from <i>Coxiella burnetii</i>, the bacterium that causes Q fever, is successfully amplified in our WACAN chip at a flow rate of 0.25 µL/min. This WACAN chip system integrates MEMS fabrication, liquid cold plate cooling, and mechatronic techniques to provide a low-cost portable PCR device for detecting infectious diseases.</p>

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WACAN chip: a MEMS-based microfluidic PCR platform with integrated micro-heaters and liquid cold plate for efficient nucleic acid amplification

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月18日

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  • Jyh Jian Chen,
  • Yuan Jyun Wang,
  • Ming An Tsai,
  • Chia Ming Shen,
  • Chi Hung Liao

摘要

Microfluidic devices need precise heating for essential applications like polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA hybridization, and cell culture. This study presents an innovative WACAN chip (WAterwall Cooling-type micro-domAiN heating chip) designed to enhance the performance and reliability of microfluidic technologies utilized for nucleic acid amplification. The chip combines two micro-heaters and a liquid cold plate into the chip’s architecture to support the three-temperature PCR. The temperature stability in the heating areas is maintained within ± 0.5 °C. To minimize the evaporation of the sample solution and the adsorption of proteins onto the hydrophobic channel surface, the PDMS channel surface is treated with the Tween 20 or BSA solution for static passivation, and the dilute solution is added to the PCR mixture for dynamic passivation. Additionally, the mineral oil segments surrounding the DNA solution can reduce sample evaporation and ensure a steady fluid flow rate of 0.25 or 0.5 µL/min. The DNA segment from Coxiella burnetii, the bacterium that causes Q fever, is successfully amplified in our WACAN chip at a flow rate of 0.25 µL/min. This WACAN chip system integrates MEMS fabrication, liquid cold plate cooling, and mechatronic techniques to provide a low-cost portable PCR device for detecting infectious diseases.