<p>Landscapes effectively record Quaternary deformation, rendering landscape morphology analysis a valuable approach for evaluating tectonic activity. This paper investigates geomorphic features resulting from tectonic activity in the Rif-Atlas system using Digital Elevation Model (DEM)-based geomorphic indices, including deviation from mean elevation (DEV), normalized steepness index (<i>k</i>_sn), <i>χ</i> (associated with Gilbert metrics) and low-pass filter topography. These indices highlight areas of active tectonic influence on the landscape. Results indicate that active deformation in the Rif and High-Atlas regions is primarily driven by rock uplift. In the Rif, prominent <i>k</i>_sn and DEV signals suggest rock uplift potentially activating the Nekor Fault, Troughout Fault, and the Southern Rif Front. In the Middle Atlas, tectonic activity is mainly accommodated along NW-striking faults, as supported by geomorphic indices. The High Atlas exhibits the strongest <i>k</i>_sn and DEV signals, suggesting a high rock uplift rate that may trigger the active Tizi n’Test, North-Atlas, and South-Atlas Faults. In addition, analysis of drainage divides highlights intense competition among the Atlantic, Atlasic, and Mediterranean drainage basins, contributing to significant instability of the major drainage divide along the Rif-Atlas system, particularly along the Atlas. Overall, tectonic processes significantly shape the major structures in the Rif-Atlas system, likely accommodated by the regional faults. These geomorphological features may be linked to horizontal mantle flow directed toward Gibraltar, aligning with the Moroccan Hot Line. The interaction between mantle processes and active faults has likely been a key driver of regional tectonic activity from the Quaternary to the present.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>