<p>In this paper we prove the existence of normalized solutions <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3012_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="180" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((\lambda ,u)\subset (0,\infty )\times H^1(\mathbb {R}^3)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>⊂</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> to the following Schrödinger–Poisson equation <Equation ID="Equ101"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3012_Article_Equ101.gif" Format="GIF" Height="64" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="411" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta u+V(x)u+\lambda u+(|x|^{-1}*u^2)u=|u|^{p-2}u\quad \text {in}\quad \mathbb {R}^{3},\\ \displaystyle u&gt;0,\quad \int _{\mathbb {R}^{3}}u^2dx=a^2, \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mspace width="1em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="1em" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </msub> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>d</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3012_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="41" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a&gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is fixed, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3012_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="22" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="74" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p\in (\frac{10}{3},6)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mfrac> <mn>10</mn> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a given exponent and the potential <i>V</i> satisfies some suitable conditions. Since the <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3012_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="48" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L^2({{\mathbb {R}}}^3)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-norm of <i>u</i> is fixed, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3012_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> appears as a Lagrange multiplier. For <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3012_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="68" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V(x)\ge 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, our solutions are obtained by using a mountain-pass argument on bounded domains and a limit process introduced by Bartsch et al&#xa0;(Commun Partial Differ Equ 46:1729–1756, 2021). For <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2025_3012_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="68" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V(x)\le 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we directly construct an entire mountain-pass solution with positive energy.</p>

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Normalized solutions of mass supercritical Schrödinger–Poisson equation with potential

  • Xueqin Peng,
  • Matteo Rizzi

摘要

In this paper we prove the existence of normalized solutions \((\lambda ,u)\subset (0,\infty )\times H^1(\mathbb {R}^3)\) ( λ , u ) ( 0 , ) × H 1 ( R 3 ) to the following Schrödinger–Poisson equation \(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta u+V(x)u+\lambda u+(|x|^{-1}*u^2)u=|u|^{p-2}u\quad \text {in}\quad \mathbb {R}^{3},\\ \displaystyle u>0,\quad \int _{\mathbb {R}^{3}}u^2dx=a^2, \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\) - Δ u + V ( x ) u + λ u + ( | x | - 1 u 2 ) u = | u | p - 2 u in R 3 , u > 0 , R 3 u 2 d x = a 2 , where \(a>0\) a > 0 is fixed, \(p\in (\frac{10}{3},6)\) p ( 10 3 , 6 ) is a given exponent and the potential V satisfies some suitable conditions. Since the \(L^2({{\mathbb {R}}}^3)\) L 2 ( R 3 ) -norm of u is fixed, \(\lambda \) λ appears as a Lagrange multiplier. For \(V(x)\ge 0\) V ( x ) 0 , our solutions are obtained by using a mountain-pass argument on bounded domains and a limit process introduced by Bartsch et al (Commun Partial Differ Equ 46:1729–1756, 2021). For \(V(x)\le 0\) V ( x ) 0 , we directly construct an entire mountain-pass solution with positive energy.