<p>The paper studies the existence of periodic solutions of a perturbed relativistic Kepler problem of the type <Equation ID="Equ58"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2024_2922_Article_Equ58.gif" Format="GIF" Height="54" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="453" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \dfrac{\textrm{d}}{\textrm{d}t}\left( \frac{m\dot{x}}{\sqrt{1-|\dot{x}|^{2}/c^{2}}}\right) = -\alpha \frac{x}{|x|^{3}} + \varepsilon \, \nabla _{x} U(t,x), \qquad x \in \mathbb {R}^d\setminus \{0\}, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mtext>d</mtext> <mrow> <mtext>d</mtext> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mstyle> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mover accent="true"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> </mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mover accent="true"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <msup> <mi>c</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mfrac> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mi>ε</mi> <mspace width="0.166667em" /> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>x</mi> </msub> <mi>U</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="2em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> </msup> <mo lspace="0.15em" rspace="0.15em" stretchy="false">\</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>with <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2024_2922_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d=2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> or <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2024_2922_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d=3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, bifurcating, for <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="526_2024_2922_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="11" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varepsilon \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>ε</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> small enough, from the set of circular solutions of the unperturbed system. Both the case of the fixed-period problem (assuming that <i>U</i> is <i>T</i>-periodic in time) and the case of the fixed-energy problem (assuming that <i>U</i> is independent of time) are considered.</p>

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Nearly-circular periodic solutions of perturbed relativistic Kepler problems: the fixed-period and the fixed-energy problems

  • Alberto Boscaggin,
  • Guglielmo Feltrin,
  • Duccio Papini

摘要

The paper studies the existence of periodic solutions of a perturbed relativistic Kepler problem of the type \(\begin{aligned} \dfrac{\textrm{d}}{\textrm{d}t}\left( \frac{m\dot{x}}{\sqrt{1-|\dot{x}|^{2}/c^{2}}}\right) = -\alpha \frac{x}{|x|^{3}} + \varepsilon \, \nabla _{x} U(t,x), \qquad x \in \mathbb {R}^d\setminus \{0\}, \end{aligned}\) d d t m x ˙ 1 - | x ˙ | 2 / c 2 = - α x | x | 3 + ε x U ( t , x ) , x R d \ { 0 } , with \(d=2\) d = 2 or \(d=3\) d = 3 , bifurcating, for \(\varepsilon \) ε small enough, from the set of circular solutions of the unperturbed system. Both the case of the fixed-period problem (assuming that U is T-periodic in time) and the case of the fixed-energy problem (assuming that U is independent of time) are considered.