Steady-state linear Kalman filter-based FLL control for DSTATCOM with optimized PI gains

Steady-state linear Kalman filter-based frequency locked loop control algorithm is introduced to operate distribution static compensator in distribution system which utilizes Kalman filter theory which employs the dynamic state space vectors with its input signal frequency close to its nominal value resulting in low computational burden to determine the noisy parameters with uncertainty. Moreover, steady-state linear Kalman filter provides faster dynamic response which can be observed in tracking of the actual and reference signal in zero-voltage regulation mode within 3 cycles as compared to its counterpart of synchronous reference frame with stability. In reckoning the fine tuning of PI gains for maintaining the value of the AC terminal voltages, two methods, namely crayfish optimization algorithm and particle swarm optimization, have been implemented and their responses are compared for various parameters like peak overshoot, rise time, and fall time. The proposed filter is assessed by MATLAB model and hardware analysis on a digital signal processor in real time which shows the results of the steady-state and dynamic conditions with DC PI settling within two cycles and as per the standards of IEEE 519-2014.