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Purpose <p>This retrospective, real-world (RW) study utilizing propensity score matching investigated tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)-related mortalities following anti-hyperuricemic (HU) monotherapy (allopurinol vs. rasburicase) in hematological malignancies. The study aim was to determine if a significant difference exists in the proportion of TLS-associated mortalities in hematological malignancy patients who received either rasburicase or allopurinol.</p> Methods <p>Following random selection of patient cases of rasburicase or allopurinol monotherapy, 141 in each group were PS-matched for TLS risk using 11 predictive covariates.</p> Results <p>Rasburicase-treated patients had significantly lower TLS-associated mortality (2.1% (<i>n</i> = 3) vs. 7.1% (<i>n</i> = 10) (<i>p</i> = 0.047)).</p> Conclusions <p>Following successful PS matching of TLS-risk factors, this study suggests rasburicase statistically significantly reduces TLS-associated mortalities compared to allopurinol.</p>

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Rasburicase vs. allopurinol: mortality in hematological malignancies post anti-hyperuricemic therapy - real-world study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月13日

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  • Mitchell Stuart Cairo,
  • Jack Ray Gallagher,
  • Yvonne Barnes,
  • Edward Drea,
  • Christopher Clark,
  • Susan Carroll

摘要

Purpose

This retrospective, real-world (RW) study utilizing propensity score matching investigated tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)-related mortalities following anti-hyperuricemic (HU) monotherapy (allopurinol vs. rasburicase) in hematological malignancies. The study aim was to determine if a significant difference exists in the proportion of TLS-associated mortalities in hematological malignancy patients who received either rasburicase or allopurinol.

Methods

Following random selection of patient cases of rasburicase or allopurinol monotherapy, 141 in each group were PS-matched for TLS risk using 11 predictive covariates.

Results

Rasburicase-treated patients had significantly lower TLS-associated mortality (2.1% (n = 3) vs. 7.1% (n = 10) (p = 0.047)).

Conclusions

Following successful PS matching of TLS-risk factors, this study suggests rasburicase statistically significantly reduces TLS-associated mortalities compared to allopurinol.