Objective <p>To construct a nursing intervention program based on supportive care theory to address the diverse needs of cervical cancer patients undergoing postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and to evaluate its effectiveness.</p> Methods <p>The intervention program was developed through a literature review, semi-structured interviews, and expert consultations. A total of 64 cervical cancer patients receiving postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy were recruited via convenience sampling from a tertiary hospital in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, between June and November 2024. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (supportive care) or the control group (routine care). Outcome measures included the Supportive Care Needs Survey Short-Form 34 (SCNS-SF34), the Chinese version of the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI-C), and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire–Cervical Cancer Module (EORTC QLQ-CX24), which were assessed at three time points: baseline (pre-intervention), discharge, and 2&#xa0;months post-discharge.</p> Results <p>At discharge and 2&#xa0;months post-discharge, the intervention group reported significantly greater satisfaction with care needs (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), reduced symptom severity and interference with daily life (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), and improved quality of life (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) compared to the control group.</p> Conclusion <p>The supportive care theory–based nursing intervention effectively addressed the multifaceted needs of cervical cancer patients undergoing postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy, significantly improved their quality of life, and has important clinical application value.</p>