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<p>Due to the decommissioning of conventional power plants and the increased integration of renewable energy sources into the power system, the available inertia in Germany is declining. Inertia is of central importance for frequency stability, as it limits the initial rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) until the time-delayed countermeasures of the system defense plan take effect in the event of major disturbances, particularly grid separation events. It is therefore essential to continue ensuring sufficient available inertia in all areas of the future power system.</p><p>To determine the future inertia needs, a&#xa0;method was developed that efficiently allocates inertia on a&#xa0;regional level based on the superposition of different grid separation topologies. The aim is to identify the system requirements for the relevant grid areas in Germany. This work investigates how the superposition of different grid separations affects the overall system inertia need in Germany. For this purpose, three case studies were created, which differ in the superimposed grid separation topologies. They were compared with respect to the maximum system need occurring in Germany, its regional distribution across the predefined grid areas, and its temporal occurrence over a&#xa0;one-year period, considering an hourly variation of the dispatch conditions.</p><p>The comparison shows that the maximum system need for inertia in Germany is nearly identical across the investigated cases. With regard to the magnitude at which a&#xa0;system need for inertia arises within the observation period, however, clear differences emerge between the cases. Likewise, the regional distribution of inertia across the predefined grid areas varies depending on the case. Furthermore, depending on the chosen grid separation topology, the correlation between the magnitude of the system needs for inertia and the feed-in of renewable energy differs.</p>

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Ermittlung von regionalisiertem Bedarf für Momentanreserve in Deutschland

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月17日

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  • Mourad Kharrat,
  • Felix Mühl,
  • Albert Moser

摘要

Due to the decommissioning of conventional power plants and the increased integration of renewable energy sources into the power system, the available inertia in Germany is declining. Inertia is of central importance for frequency stability, as it limits the initial rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) until the time-delayed countermeasures of the system defense plan take effect in the event of major disturbances, particularly grid separation events. It is therefore essential to continue ensuring sufficient available inertia in all areas of the future power system.

To determine the future inertia needs, a method was developed that efficiently allocates inertia on a regional level based on the superposition of different grid separation topologies. The aim is to identify the system requirements for the relevant grid areas in Germany. This work investigates how the superposition of different grid separations affects the overall system inertia need in Germany. For this purpose, three case studies were created, which differ in the superimposed grid separation topologies. They were compared with respect to the maximum system need occurring in Germany, its regional distribution across the predefined grid areas, and its temporal occurrence over a one-year period, considering an hourly variation of the dispatch conditions.

The comparison shows that the maximum system need for inertia in Germany is nearly identical across the investigated cases. With regard to the magnitude at which a system need for inertia arises within the observation period, however, clear differences emerge between the cases. Likewise, the regional distribution of inertia across the predefined grid areas varies depending on the case. Furthermore, depending on the chosen grid separation topology, the correlation between the magnitude of the system needs for inertia and the feed-in of renewable energy differs.