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<p>This paper presents modeling and analysis approaches for different types of rotor misalignment of an axial flux machine (AFM) in a&#xa0;12-pole, 18-slot YASA design. Due to its configuration of two rotors and an inner stator, the machine is particularly susceptible to misalignment of the rotors caused by mechanical tolerances and manufacturing errors. This paper focuses on static and dynamic eccentricities. As 3D finite element (FE) simulations containing full motor models are computationally intensive, a&#xa0;quasi-3D modeling approach is proposed to significantly reduce the simulation time. The AFM is therefore radially segmented into several slices which are unwrapped and modeled as equivalent linear machines. To account for eccentricities, the dimensions of components are parameterized and adjusted as a&#xa0;function of radial displacement and the geometry of the affected parts. The electromagnetic forces are calculated using Maxwell’s stress tensor and evaluated across the entire operating map. The results of the quasi-3D FE simulations show good agreement with the amplitudes obtained from full 3D FE simulations while requiring substantially reduced computation time. The considered eccentricities lead to additional electromagnetic excitations, increased torque harmonics and axial force amplitudes.</p>

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Modeling and analysis of static and dynamic eccentricities in an axial flux machine in YASA design

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月23日

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  • Karsten Müller,
  • Andreas Wanke,
  • Herbert De Gersem,
  • Yves Burkhardt

摘要

This paper presents modeling and analysis approaches for different types of rotor misalignment of an axial flux machine (AFM) in a 12-pole, 18-slot YASA design. Due to its configuration of two rotors and an inner stator, the machine is particularly susceptible to misalignment of the rotors caused by mechanical tolerances and manufacturing errors. This paper focuses on static and dynamic eccentricities. As 3D finite element (FE) simulations containing full motor models are computationally intensive, a quasi-3D modeling approach is proposed to significantly reduce the simulation time. The AFM is therefore radially segmented into several slices which are unwrapped and modeled as equivalent linear machines. To account for eccentricities, the dimensions of components are parameterized and adjusted as a function of radial displacement and the geometry of the affected parts. The electromagnetic forces are calculated using Maxwell’s stress tensor and evaluated across the entire operating map. The results of the quasi-3D FE simulations show good agreement with the amplitudes obtained from full 3D FE simulations while requiring substantially reduced computation time. The considered eccentricities lead to additional electromagnetic excitations, increased torque harmonics and axial force amplitudes.