Evolutionary optimization in VANET services: a comprehensive survey, challenges and futuristic approach
摘要
Intelligent vehicles promise the future of developing technology. Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) allows vehicles to communicate with one another and with the Roadside Units (RSU). VANET typically operates in various situations, such as Dynamic topology, high mobility, and a wide range of communication networks. Specific issues like scalability, packet loss, routing, data dissemination and sharing, energy loss, and security occur during VANET communication. Achieving a high data rate and low latency during transmission is complex. To improve the Quality of Service (QoS) in VANET, the mechanism to identify optimal data rate and optimal latency during the transmission of packets is the utmost importance. This article surveys nature-inspired and evolutionary algorithms that optimize different parameters to improve the VANET services. Evolutionary optimization techniques are proven to be best for finding optimal and near-optimal solutions by formulating single-objective and multi-objective functions based on Mean Routing Load, Packet Delivery Ratio, Throughput, End-to-End Delay, Control Packet Overhead. They allow for investigating an ample solution space, facilitating the identification of effective and flexible VANET communication solutions. The research gap and challenges in the existing scenario are well addressed. Further, some innovative ideas for future research are discussed.