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<p>The link between apomictic reproduction and polyploidy in plants has generated numerous hypotheses. <i>Psidium cattleyanum</i> is a valuable model for investigating this relationship, as it is a polyploid woody species that exhibits pseudogamous gametophytic apomixis. In this study, we aim to determine the predominant reproductive mode in natural populations of <i>Psidium cattleyanum</i> f. <i>lucidum</i>. We assessed its association with ploidy level, genetic diversity, and population structure. We analyzed populations representing the four ploidy levels (2C = 5<i>x</i>, 6<i>x</i>, 7<i>x</i>, 8<i>x</i>) present in Uruguay. Reproductive pathways were inferred by combining flow cytometric seed screening (FCSS) with microsatellite (SSR) genotyping of progeny arrays, and population-level differences were evaluated across both datasets. Diplosporous pseudogamous apomixis was identified as the predominant reproductive mode across populations. Importantly, the relative contributions of apomictic versus sexual reproduction as well as the frequencies of different seed progeny types varied markedly among populations and ploidy levels. Genotyping revealed predominantly clonal seed progeny, yet high within-population genetic variability and strong genetic structure were maintained. Moreover, gamete ploidy levels and their combinations were characteristic of each population, resulting in distinct patterns of seed formation among populations. Overall, facultative pseudogamous apomixis predominates in natural populations of <i>P.c</i>. f. <i>lucidum</i>. Our findings demonstrate previously unrecognized variation in reproductive pathways among populations, linked to differences in ploidy level and population genetic structure.</p>

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Apomixis frequency in polyploid wild populations of Psidium cattleyanum f. lucidum (Myrteae, Myrtaceae)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月4日

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  • Mercedes Souza-Pérez,
  • Raquel Machado,
  • Magdalena Vaio,
  • Alejandra Borges,
  • José I. Hormaza,
  • Gabriela Speroni

摘要

The link between apomictic reproduction and polyploidy in plants has generated numerous hypotheses. Psidium cattleyanum is a valuable model for investigating this relationship, as it is a polyploid woody species that exhibits pseudogamous gametophytic apomixis. In this study, we aim to determine the predominant reproductive mode in natural populations of Psidium cattleyanum f. lucidum. We assessed its association with ploidy level, genetic diversity, and population structure. We analyzed populations representing the four ploidy levels (2C = 5x, 6x, 7x, 8x) present in Uruguay. Reproductive pathways were inferred by combining flow cytometric seed screening (FCSS) with microsatellite (SSR) genotyping of progeny arrays, and population-level differences were evaluated across both datasets. Diplosporous pseudogamous apomixis was identified as the predominant reproductive mode across populations. Importantly, the relative contributions of apomictic versus sexual reproduction as well as the frequencies of different seed progeny types varied markedly among populations and ploidy levels. Genotyping revealed predominantly clonal seed progeny, yet high within-population genetic variability and strong genetic structure were maintained. Moreover, gamete ploidy levels and their combinations were characteristic of each population, resulting in distinct patterns of seed formation among populations. Overall, facultative pseudogamous apomixis predominates in natural populations of P.c. f. lucidum. Our findings demonstrate previously unrecognized variation in reproductive pathways among populations, linked to differences in ploidy level and population genetic structure.