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<p>Amid the intensifying urban heat island effect, urban blue spaces have been shown to effectively mitigate daytime high temperatures in surrounding areas. However, limited research has explored the carbon reduction potential resulting from these cooling effects. This study introduces a straightforward method to estimate such potential and analyzes 43 water bodies in Guangzhou. The results indicate that the average temperature of each water body decreased by 2.86&#xa0;°C, with the cooling effect extending up to 160&#xa0;m from the shoreline. These cooling effects significantly contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, leading to a daily decrease of 4875.4 tons of CO₂ during the summer, equivalent to 0.27% of the city’s total daily carbon emissions. To elucidate the relationship between water body characteristics and carbon reduction, a logarithmic function was employed to simulate carbon benefits in relation to water body area and perimeter. This analysis identified a TVoE at 115.09 hectares for area and 163.06&#xa0;km perimeter. Further analysis, using Pearson correlation and a random forest model, identified key factors influencing these effects, including perimeter, area, and shape complexity of the water bodies. The findings suggest that increasing water body area or maximizing their shape complexity can enhance both cooling and carbon reduction capacities. These insights offer theoretical guidance for the sustainable and low-carbon development of urban environments.</p>

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Assessing the carbon reduction benefits of urban blue spaces for mitigating the heat island effect

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月23日

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  • Kunneng Jiang,
  • Yumeng Wang,
  • Huiting Zhang,
  • Kaijie Gao,
  • Fang Xu,
  • Yaling Gao,
  • Yuanping Shen,
  • Baojian Ye,
  • Hongxin Wang,
  • Qunyue Liu

摘要

Amid the intensifying urban heat island effect, urban blue spaces have been shown to effectively mitigate daytime high temperatures in surrounding areas. However, limited research has explored the carbon reduction potential resulting from these cooling effects. This study introduces a straightforward method to estimate such potential and analyzes 43 water bodies in Guangzhou. The results indicate that the average temperature of each water body decreased by 2.86 °C, with the cooling effect extending up to 160 m from the shoreline. These cooling effects significantly contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, leading to a daily decrease of 4875.4 tons of CO₂ during the summer, equivalent to 0.27% of the city’s total daily carbon emissions. To elucidate the relationship between water body characteristics and carbon reduction, a logarithmic function was employed to simulate carbon benefits in relation to water body area and perimeter. This analysis identified a TVoE at 115.09 hectares for area and 163.06 km perimeter. Further analysis, using Pearson correlation and a random forest model, identified key factors influencing these effects, including perimeter, area, and shape complexity of the water bodies. The findings suggest that increasing water body area or maximizing their shape complexity can enhance both cooling and carbon reduction capacities. These insights offer theoretical guidance for the sustainable and low-carbon development of urban environments.