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<p> Dust storms are significant contributors to aerosol particulates in arid and semi-arid regions, particularly in deserts where little vegetation and powerful winds can easily disperse fine particles. Consequently, they have considerable adverse effects on ecosystems and humans. Khorramabad city is one of the most important cities that regularly faces dust from neighboring countries.&#xa0;In this study, PM<sub>2.5</sub> particulate matter concentration data on dusty and non-dusty days were received from the Lorestan Meteorological Department and the Environmental Department. Samples were collected in 2023 using a volumetric method, and 24-hour averages were measured. To assess the health consequences of exposure, the World Health Organization Air Q<sup>+</sup> model was used, and the RR, AP, AC, and disease burden indices were calculated. The origin of dust plumes was also determined using the HYSPLIT model.&#xa0;The decreasing trend of the average AQI of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in the month of 2023 was as follows: October (82.51 ± 30) &gt; July (68.37 ± 19.75) &gt; November (64.83 ± 25.25) &gt; June (61.04 ± 18) &gt; December (60.89 ± 17) &gt; August (60.16 ± 12.75) &gt; May (55.44 ± 16.5) &gt; September (44.53 ± 16.5) &gt; January (46.96 ± 13.25) &gt; April (44.06 ± 18) &gt; February (43.64 ± 13) &gt; March (43.1 ± 13.5). According to the HYSPLIT program, Iraqi deserts are responsible for dust in April, July, and September; Syria was the source of dust in June and October, Turkey was the source of dust in August, and the deserts of Arabia were the source of dust in May.&#xa0;According to calculations made using the Air Q<sup>+</sup> program, Khorramabad residents have suffered from cardiovascular, respiratory, and stroke diseases due to exposure to PM2.5. Dust flows from dry and semi-arid regions of Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Syria originated from PM2.5 in Khorramabad city.</p>

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The level, source, and health effects of fine dust exposure in Southwest Iran

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月28日

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  • Majid Farhadi

摘要

Dust storms are significant contributors to aerosol particulates in arid and semi-arid regions, particularly in deserts where little vegetation and powerful winds can easily disperse fine particles. Consequently, they have considerable adverse effects on ecosystems and humans. Khorramabad city is one of the most important cities that regularly faces dust from neighboring countries. In this study, PM2.5 particulate matter concentration data on dusty and non-dusty days were received from the Lorestan Meteorological Department and the Environmental Department. Samples were collected in 2023 using a volumetric method, and 24-hour averages were measured. To assess the health consequences of exposure, the World Health Organization Air Q+ model was used, and the RR, AP, AC, and disease burden indices were calculated. The origin of dust plumes was also determined using the HYSPLIT model. The decreasing trend of the average AQI of PM2.5 in the month of 2023 was as follows: October (82.51 ± 30) > July (68.37 ± 19.75) > November (64.83 ± 25.25) > June (61.04 ± 18) > December (60.89 ± 17) > August (60.16 ± 12.75) > May (55.44 ± 16.5) > September (44.53 ± 16.5) > January (46.96 ± 13.25) > April (44.06 ± 18) > February (43.64 ± 13) > March (43.1 ± 13.5). According to the HYSPLIT program, Iraqi deserts are responsible for dust in April, July, and September; Syria was the source of dust in June and October, Turkey was the source of dust in August, and the deserts of Arabia were the source of dust in May. According to calculations made using the Air Q+ program, Khorramabad residents have suffered from cardiovascular, respiratory, and stroke diseases due to exposure to PM2.5. Dust flows from dry and semi-arid regions of Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Syria originated from PM2.5 in Khorramabad city.