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<p>Atmospheric Moisture Transport (AMT) plays a critical role in defining India’s climate, hydrology, and extreme weather events. Considering the recent developments in the data analysis and modelling techniques, a comprehensive evaluation of the contemporary studies on weather monitoring and climate change prediction is highly demanding. This review offers an all-inclusive overview of the statistical analyses and modeling techniques adopted to decipher the characteristics, mechanisms, and impacts of major AMT corridors over the Indian subcontinent. Essential processes such as the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM), Western Disturbances (WDs), Tropical Easterly Jets, and moisture recycling are surveyed with reference to their spatiotemporal variability, isotopic signatures, and climatological drivers. In view of the frequent occurrence and intensification of extremities during ISM, several key atmospheric factors were identified and contrasted with the earlier hypotheses. The synthesis referring to the latest reports highlights the significance of assimilating high-resolution modeling with observational datasets to augment predictability and apprise water resource management. Future directions for improving AMT representation under climate change scenarios are also discussed, with an emphasis on data gaps and regional hydro-meteorological repercussions.</p>

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An overview of statistical analysis and modeling of characteristics and impacts of major mechanisms of atmospheric moisture transport over India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月30日

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  • N. Natarajan,
  • S. Syed Masoodhu,
  • M. Vasudevan

摘要

Atmospheric Moisture Transport (AMT) plays a critical role in defining India’s climate, hydrology, and extreme weather events. Considering the recent developments in the data analysis and modelling techniques, a comprehensive evaluation of the contemporary studies on weather monitoring and climate change prediction is highly demanding. This review offers an all-inclusive overview of the statistical analyses and modeling techniques adopted to decipher the characteristics, mechanisms, and impacts of major AMT corridors over the Indian subcontinent. Essential processes such as the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM), Western Disturbances (WDs), Tropical Easterly Jets, and moisture recycling are surveyed with reference to their spatiotemporal variability, isotopic signatures, and climatological drivers. In view of the frequent occurrence and intensification of extremities during ISM, several key atmospheric factors were identified and contrasted with the earlier hypotheses. The synthesis referring to the latest reports highlights the significance of assimilating high-resolution modeling with observational datasets to augment predictability and apprise water resource management. Future directions for improving AMT representation under climate change scenarios are also discussed, with an emphasis on data gaps and regional hydro-meteorological repercussions.