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Introduction <p>GLP-1 receptor agonist medications are a promising new medical weight loss therapy and have been shown to reduce rates of obesity-related comorbidities. The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the long-term effects of these medications.</p> Methods <p>A meta-analysis was performed following PRISMA guidelines. Data were collected on weight change, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension prevalence with GLP-1 or placebo therapy in studies meeting inclusion criteria per study protocol.</p> Results <p>A total of 54 articles and 59,856 patients were included in this study. GLP-1-treated patients were noted to lose an average of 10.6% of total body weight (TBW) compared to placebo at 3.9%, with a peak occurring at 12–18&#xa0;months of treatment. When subdivided into intention-to-treat and adherent patients, those maintaining medication use lost more weight at a peak of 12% TBW loss. Weight regain with medication discontinuation was found to occur within weeks at a rate of 0.55% original TBW per month. The incident rate of type 2 diabetes was reduced sevenfold by GLP therapy over placebo. Hypertension resolution was also noted to be higher in the GLP-1-treated patients at a peak of 23% reduction compared to 11% for placebo.</p> Conclusion <p>GLP-1 medications are effective at weight reduction and can produce diabetes and hypertension remission. Medication adherence is critical for efficacy, and non-compliance dramatically reduces the impact of these therapies. Additionally, medication discontinuation results in rapid weight regain within weeks; however, longer-term data are needed to qualify the durability of GLP-1-mediated weight loss.</p>

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Analysis of the long-term impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists for control of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities: a meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月30日

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  • Iwanger-I-Ter T. Jia,
  • Grace C. Bloomfield,
  • Mike Y. Chen,
  • Marcus H. Cunningham,
  • Dan E. Azagury,
  • Yewande R. Alimi,
  • Nicholas J. Prindeze

摘要

Introduction

GLP-1 receptor agonist medications are a promising new medical weight loss therapy and have been shown to reduce rates of obesity-related comorbidities. The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the long-term effects of these medications.

Methods

A meta-analysis was performed following PRISMA guidelines. Data were collected on weight change, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension prevalence with GLP-1 or placebo therapy in studies meeting inclusion criteria per study protocol.

Results

A total of 54 articles and 59,856 patients were included in this study. GLP-1-treated patients were noted to lose an average of 10.6% of total body weight (TBW) compared to placebo at 3.9%, with a peak occurring at 12–18 months of treatment. When subdivided into intention-to-treat and adherent patients, those maintaining medication use lost more weight at a peak of 12% TBW loss. Weight regain with medication discontinuation was found to occur within weeks at a rate of 0.55% original TBW per month. The incident rate of type 2 diabetes was reduced sevenfold by GLP therapy over placebo. Hypertension resolution was also noted to be higher in the GLP-1-treated patients at a peak of 23% reduction compared to 11% for placebo.

Conclusion

GLP-1 medications are effective at weight reduction and can produce diabetes and hypertension remission. Medication adherence is critical for efficacy, and non-compliance dramatically reduces the impact of these therapies. Additionally, medication discontinuation results in rapid weight regain within weeks; however, longer-term data are needed to qualify the durability of GLP-1-mediated weight loss.