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Background <p>Since advances in the fifth-generation (5G) communication technology have effectively facilitated the development of robotic telesurgery, the popularity of telerobotic operations has increased. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of robotic telecholecystectomy with a 5G wireless network using a new domestic robotic surgical system.</p> Methods <p>This study is a prospective controlled clinical trial. From 2023, our center conducted two independent prospective clinical trials using the Toumai® laparoscopic surgical robot. The 5G remote robotic cholecystectomy clinical trial was conducted from May to August 2023 and included a total of 20 patients in the remote group. The local robotic general surgical trial was conducted from June 2023 to October 2023 and included a total of 20 patients undergoing cholecystectomy in the local group. The surgical success rate (intraoperative and within 24 h postoperatively) was the primary endpoint, and the docking time, console time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, postoperative hospitalization days, delay time in the network, and packet loss were used as the secondary endpoints.</p> Results <p>The surgical success rates in the two groups were 95 and 100%. Compared with the local group, the remote group had a significantly shorter docking time (7.6 ± 2.5 vs. 9.9 ± 3.4 min, <i>p</i> = 0.02). No statistical differences in console time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospitalization time were observed (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). The 5G communication network remained stable throughout all procedures, with consistent metrics for latency, jitter, and bandwidth as monitored by the technical team. The communication environment was stable, and the average network delay time was 43.4 ms, network jitter was 4 ms, the upload rate was 98.3 Mbps, the download rate was 213 Mbps, and packet loss &lt; 1% as monitored by the clinical engineers.</p> Conclusions <p>Robotic telecholecystectomy based on 5G communication technology can be performed with a level of safety and efficacy comparable to that of local robotic surgery.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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The safety and feasibility of telerobotic cholecystectomy via a 5G network: a prospective controlled clinical trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月28日

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  • Jing Yang,
  • Weipeng Zhan,
  • Zeping Zhang,
  • Yuqi Ma,
  • Hongwei Tian,
  • Ming Hu,
  • Xianbing Huang,
  • Wutang Jing,
  • Jin Guo,
  • Yuan Deng,
  • Wei Fang,
  • Dongdong Chen,
  • Changfeng Miao,
  • Shixun Ma,
  • Wentao Zhang,
  • Yuntao Ma,
  • Hui Cai

摘要

Background

Since advances in the fifth-generation (5G) communication technology have effectively facilitated the development of robotic telesurgery, the popularity of telerobotic operations has increased. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of robotic telecholecystectomy with a 5G wireless network using a new domestic robotic surgical system.

Methods

This study is a prospective controlled clinical trial. From 2023, our center conducted two independent prospective clinical trials using the Toumai® laparoscopic surgical robot. The 5G remote robotic cholecystectomy clinical trial was conducted from May to August 2023 and included a total of 20 patients in the remote group. The local robotic general surgical trial was conducted from June 2023 to October 2023 and included a total of 20 patients undergoing cholecystectomy in the local group. The surgical success rate (intraoperative and within 24 h postoperatively) was the primary endpoint, and the docking time, console time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, postoperative hospitalization days, delay time in the network, and packet loss were used as the secondary endpoints.

Results

The surgical success rates in the two groups were 95 and 100%. Compared with the local group, the remote group had a significantly shorter docking time (7.6 ± 2.5 vs. 9.9 ± 3.4 min, p = 0.02). No statistical differences in console time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospitalization time were observed (p > 0.05). The 5G communication network remained stable throughout all procedures, with consistent metrics for latency, jitter, and bandwidth as monitored by the technical team. The communication environment was stable, and the average network delay time was 43.4 ms, network jitter was 4 ms, the upload rate was 98.3 Mbps, the download rate was 213 Mbps, and packet loss < 1% as monitored by the clinical engineers.

Conclusions

Robotic telecholecystectomy based on 5G communication technology can be performed with a level of safety and efficacy comparable to that of local robotic surgery.

Graphical abstract