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<p>Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is frequently observed in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), yet data about its severity and distribution in distinct subtypes remain inconsistent. This study examined the association between OD and three major IIM subgroups: dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM), and inclusion body myositis (IBM), focusing on severity of swallowing impairment and potential risk of aspiration events. In a prospective, cross-sectional analysis, seventy-four patients meeting Bohan/Peter or EULAR/ACR criteria for IIM were evaluated. All underwent flexible endoscopic examination of swallowing (FEES) with multiple consistencies (pudding, nectar, liquid, solid). Dysphagia severity was graded using standardized scales. Logistic regression assessed whether disease subtype predicted moderate-to-severe dysphagia, adjusting for age and sex. Dermatomyositis was more frequently associated with moderate-to-severe OD than PM or IBM. FEES findings showed significant intergroup differences in pharyngeal-phase dysfunction, especially posterior spillage, pharyngeal residue, and laryngeal penetration. Logistic regression identified DM as the sole independent predictor for moderate-to-severe dysphagia (OR = 0.09, 95% CI 0.01–0.82, <i>p</i> = 0.03). Although IBM is widely reported to exhibit pronounced dysphagia, the low number of IBM cases (<i>n</i> = 5) in this cohort limited definitive inferences. Dermatomyositis emerged as the primary subtype linked to severe swallowing dysfunction in this sample, suggesting the need for early dysphagia screening and targeted management in DM. Future investigations with larger IBM samples and longitudinal designs are warranted to validate these findings and refine therapeutic strategies.</p>

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Association between Oropharyngeal Dysphagia and Subgroups of Patients with Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy: A Cross-Sectional Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月21日

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  • Monica Segura-Hernandez,
  • Luis Fernando Galindo-Borbón,
  • Miguel Ángel Pérez-Rodriguez

摘要

Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is frequently observed in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), yet data about its severity and distribution in distinct subtypes remain inconsistent. This study examined the association between OD and three major IIM subgroups: dermatomyositis (DM), polymyositis (PM), and inclusion body myositis (IBM), focusing on severity of swallowing impairment and potential risk of aspiration events. In a prospective, cross-sectional analysis, seventy-four patients meeting Bohan/Peter or EULAR/ACR criteria for IIM were evaluated. All underwent flexible endoscopic examination of swallowing (FEES) with multiple consistencies (pudding, nectar, liquid, solid). Dysphagia severity was graded using standardized scales. Logistic regression assessed whether disease subtype predicted moderate-to-severe dysphagia, adjusting for age and sex. Dermatomyositis was more frequently associated with moderate-to-severe OD than PM or IBM. FEES findings showed significant intergroup differences in pharyngeal-phase dysfunction, especially posterior spillage, pharyngeal residue, and laryngeal penetration. Logistic regression identified DM as the sole independent predictor for moderate-to-severe dysphagia (OR = 0.09, 95% CI 0.01–0.82, p = 0.03). Although IBM is widely reported to exhibit pronounced dysphagia, the low number of IBM cases (n = 5) in this cohort limited definitive inferences. Dermatomyositis emerged as the primary subtype linked to severe swallowing dysfunction in this sample, suggesting the need for early dysphagia screening and targeted management in DM. Future investigations with larger IBM samples and longitudinal designs are warranted to validate these findings and refine therapeutic strategies.