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<p>The low efficiency of extracellular electron transfer (EET) at the anode of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is a key bottleneck limiting their performance improvement. In this study, a polypyrrole (PPy)-assisted metal–organic framework (MOF) pyrolysis strategy was employed to successfully construct bimetallic (FeMn) sites embedded in hollow nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages, which were further decorated with CeO₂ nanoclusters to obtain a highly efficient bio-electrocatalyst, FeMn-IDMs/H-NC@CeO₂. The PPy coating induces cavitation of the precursor, maximizing the exposure of active sites and providing biocompatible anchoring sites for microorganisms. CeO₂ coordinates and adsorbs electron mediators such as riboflavin through Lewis acid sites, establishing a new Fe-O-Ce-O-Mn electron transport channel and optimizing the interfacial electron coupling efficiency. Experimental results show that the MFC with the FeMn-IDMs/H-NC@CeO₂ anode achieves a maximum power density of 5.11 ± 0.21&#xa0;W m⁻², which is 1.74 and 1.22 times higher than those of FeMn-DMs-NC and FeMn-IDMs/H-NC, respectively, demonstrating excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability. 16&#xa0;S rRNA sequencing confirms the selective enrichment of Geobacter (69.4%), promoting electron transfer at the biofilm–electrode interface. This study provides new insights into the synergistic regulation of EET by rare-earth oxide and bimetallic nitrogen-carbon materials.</p>

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Synergistic modulation of PPy and CeO₂ in hollow carbon nanocage bimetal catalysts for enhanced extracellular electron transfer

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月30日

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  • Tao Wu,
  • Yuan Gao,
  • Tianyang Zhang,
  • Qing Wen,
  • Ye Chen,
  • Cunguo Lin,
  • Zhenghui Qiu

摘要

The low efficiency of extracellular electron transfer (EET) at the anode of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is a key bottleneck limiting their performance improvement. In this study, a polypyrrole (PPy)-assisted metal–organic framework (MOF) pyrolysis strategy was employed to successfully construct bimetallic (FeMn) sites embedded in hollow nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages, which were further decorated with CeO₂ nanoclusters to obtain a highly efficient bio-electrocatalyst, FeMn-IDMs/H-NC@CeO₂. The PPy coating induces cavitation of the precursor, maximizing the exposure of active sites and providing biocompatible anchoring sites for microorganisms. CeO₂ coordinates and adsorbs electron mediators such as riboflavin through Lewis acid sites, establishing a new Fe-O-Ce-O-Mn electron transport channel and optimizing the interfacial electron coupling efficiency. Experimental results show that the MFC with the FeMn-IDMs/H-NC@CeO₂ anode achieves a maximum power density of 5.11 ± 0.21 W m⁻², which is 1.74 and 1.22 times higher than those of FeMn-DMs-NC and FeMn-IDMs/H-NC, respectively, demonstrating excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability. 16 S rRNA sequencing confirms the selective enrichment of Geobacter (69.4%), promoting electron transfer at the biofilm–electrode interface. This study provides new insights into the synergistic regulation of EET by rare-earth oxide and bimetallic nitrogen-carbon materials.