Potentials of roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds extract for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained significant attention in various applications due to their unique properties that differ from bulk or macro-sized counterparts. In the advancement of nanotechnology, a reliable, non-toxic, and eco-friendly green synthesis has widely been developed as an alternative method for the production of AgNPs, overcoming limitations associated with the traditional physical and chemical methods. Green synthesis of AgNPs involves the utilization of biological sources including plant extracts with silver salt as the precursor. The potential of phytochemicals in plant extracts serves as a reducing/capping and stabilizing agent to aid in the bio-reduction of Ag⁺ ions into a stable nanoform, Ag⁰. This review provides insights into the potentials of various plant parts like root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit, and seed extracts that have been extensively reported for the synthesis of AgNPs.